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The site provides reference information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases must be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Consultation with a specialist is required!

Motilium represents antiemetic, which also has the property of reducing the severity of dyspeptic symptoms (heartburn, flatulence, belching, nausea, vomiting, feeling of fullness and pain in the stomach after eating, etc.), caused by impaired evacuation of the food bolus from the stomach to the intestines. Therefore, Motilium is used to relieve vomiting, as well as relieve dyspeptic symptoms in reflux esophagitis, gastroesophageal reflux, GERD, esophagitis, gastric hypotension, as well as against the background of cytostatic therapy or radiotherapy of tumors.

Release forms, names and composition of Motilium

Motilium is currently available in the following three dosage forms Oh:
1. Oral lozenges;
2. Film-coated tablets for oral administration;
3. Suspension for oral administration.

Coated and oral tablets are usually called simply “Motilium tablets” without specifying which type we are talking about. And the suspension is often called Motilium syrup in everyday speech. However, since Motilium does not exist in the form of a syrup, people use this term to designate the liquid form of the drug, without going into the subtleties of the differences between suspension, solution, syrup, emulsion, etc. In addition, the suspension is often called children's Motilium, since it is this dosage form that is used in pediatric practice.

In all dosage forms of Motilium as active substance included domperidone in the following different dosages:

• Oral lozenges – 10 mg;
• Coated tablets for oral administration – 10 mg;
• Suspension – 1 mg per 1 ml.

Auxiliary components of all three dosage forms of Motilium are reflected in the table.

Lozenges	Coated tablets	Suspension
Gelatin	Lactose	Sodium saccharin
Mannitol	Corn starch	Sorbitol
Aspartame	Potato starch	Sodium hydroxide
Mint essence	Polividon	Polysorbate
Poloxamer 188		Microcrystalline cellulose
	Magnesium stearate	Purified water
	Hydrogenated vegetable oil	Sodium carboxymethylcellulose
	Lauryl sulfate	Methyl parahydroxybenzoate
	Hypromellose	Propyl parahydroxybenzoate

Lozenges are round in shape and colored white or almost white. The coated tablets are round, white or cream-white in color and marked "Janssen" and "M/10" on their flat surfaces. If the coated tablet is broken, then at the break it will be uniformly white, without inclusions. Both types of tablets are available in packs of 10 or 30 pieces.

The suspension is a white, opaque liquid of uniform structure and jelly-like consistency. Available in 100 ml dark glass bottles.

What does Motilium help with (therapeutic effects)

Motilium has the following pharmacological effects:

• Suppression of the activity of the vomiting center in the brain;
• Increased intensity and duration of gastric contractions and duodenum;
• Increased pressure in the esophagus;
• Acceleration of evacuation of the food bolus from the stomach into the duodenum.

These pharmacological effects provide the therapeutic effect of Motilium, which consists of relieving the symptoms of indigestion (flatulence, belching, feeling of heaviness and pain in the stomach after eating, nausea, vomiting, heartburn, etc.) caused by stomach diseases in which the evacuation process is disrupted its contents (gastritis, peptic ulcer, reflux esophagitis, GERD, gastric hypotension), as a result of which food stagnates and does not pass into the duodenum in time.

Motilium improves the contractile activity of the stomach muscles, which leads to faster evacuation of the food bolus into the duodenum. And due to the fact that food does not stagnate and does not irritate the stomach, a person’s painful symptoms of dyspepsia (belching, heartburn, flatulence, etc.) go away. That is, Motilium helps get rid of the symptoms of stomach diseases in which food stagnates in it. And since these symptoms can also occur in healthy person, for example, when overeating, eating fatty or unusual foods, or other violations of a normal balanced diet, then Motilium will help in this case to get rid of the unpleasant sensations associated with a full stomach.

By increasing pressure in the esophagus, Motilium prevents gastroesophageal reflux, reducing heartburn and other symptoms (sour belching, etc.), as well as helping to cure GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). That is, Motilium helps relieve the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux and GERD.

And thanks to the suppression of the activity of the vomiting center, Motilium is able to eliminate vomiting caused by an infectious disease by taking medicines, various chronic pathologies of any organs and systems, as well as functional digestive disorders caused by the consumption of unknown or unusual food and other similar factors.

Motilium - indications for use

The suspension and both types of Motilium tablets are indicated for use in the following identical cases:
1. Relief of the following symptoms of gastric hypotension, gastritis, GERD, reflux esophagitis, gastroesophageal reflux, resulting from food retention in the stomach and its slow evacuation into the intestine:

• Feeling of heaviness, pressure, or fullness in the stomach after eating;
• Pain in the stomach after eating;
• Bloating;
• Belching, including sour contents;
• Vomit;
• Heartburn;
• Regurgitation (reflux of a fairly large amount of stomach contents into oral cavity).

2. Nausea or vomiting caused by infectious diseases, pathologies of any internal organs or functional disorders (for example, errors in diet, motion sickness, eating too much food at once, etc.).
3. Nausea and vomiting caused by taking medications, as well as radiotherapy and chemotherapy for tumors.

4. Nausea and vomiting caused by taking Levodopa, Bromocriptine or other dopamine agonist drugs for parkinsonism.
5. Relief of nausea and gag reflex during medical procedures, for example, insertion of a gastric tube, production of endoscopy, etc.
6. Regurgitation syndrome in children.
7. Cyclic vomiting in children.
8. Gastroesophageal reflux in children.
9. Gastric motility disorders in children.

Instructions for use

Let's look at the rules for using both types of Motilium tablets in one section, since they differ slightly. We will consider the rules for using Motilium suspension in a separate section.

Motilium tablets - instructions for use

Absorbable, film-coated tablets should be taken 15 to 30 minutes before meals. Also, if necessary, Motilium can be taken before bed.

The coated tablet is simply swallowed, without biting or chewing, with half a glass of water. A lozenge is placed on the tongue and waited a few seconds until it disintegrates into small particles. After this, the resulting particles are swallowed and, if necessary, washed down with several sips of water. However, if for some reason there is no water, then the dissolving tablets do not need to be taken after they have disintegrated into small particles on the tongue and have been swallowed.

Coated tablets can be removed from the blister without taking any special precautions. And you need to be careful with dissolving tablets, as they are quite fragile. To avoid breaking and scattering of tablets, it is recommended not to squeeze them out of the blister through the foil, but to carefully trim the edge of the cell with scissors. You can also carefully remove the foil from one cell and remove the tablet from it.

To relieve symptoms of dyspepsia (belching, heartburn, flatulence, feeling of fullness in the stomach, etc.) in chronic diseases of the stomach and esophagus, adults and children over 5 years old should take 1 tablet 3 times a day before meals, and, if necessary, before sleep. If there is no effect, children over 12 years of age and adults can double the dosage, that is, take 2 tablets 3 times a day before meals.

For nausea and vomiting, to relieve them, children over 12 years of age and adults should take 2 tablets 3-4 times a day before meals and before bed. And for relief of nausea and vomiting, children aged 5–12 years should be given 1 tablet 3–4 times a day before meals and before bed.

For children 5–12 years old, the maximum permissible daily dosage of Motilium is 2.4 mg (1/4 tablet) per 1 kg of body weight, but not more than 80 mg (8 tablets). For adults and adolescents over 12 years of age, the maximum permissible daily dosage of Motilium is 80 mg.

For children under 5 years of age, the drug is given in the form of a suspension and the dosage is calculated individually according to body weight, based on the ratio of 2.5 ml per 10 kg of weight. Motilium tablets are not used in children under 5 years of age and weighing less than 35 kg.

Motilium suspension (Motilium for children) – instructions for use

The suspension is intended for use in children under 5 years of age and weighing less than 35 kg. In children of the first year of life, the drug should be used only as prescribed by a doctor and under constant supervision.

The suspension, just like the tablets, should be given to the child 15 to 30 minutes before meals and, if necessary, before bedtime. The amount of the drug, measured with a special syringe, must be poured into a spoon or into a small container (glass, glass, etc.) and given to the child to drink. You can drink the suspension as desired.

The dosage of the suspension for use for various conditions in children is the same and depends only on body weight. The dosage is calculated individually each time according to the ratio of 0.25 - 0.5 ml of suspension for every 1 kg of the child’s body weight. The calculated amount of suspension is given to the child 3-4 times a day before meals and, if necessary, before bedtime.

However, since the bottle comes with a convenient measuring syringe, which simultaneously indicates the child’s weight options in increments of 1 kg and the corresponding amount of suspension in ml, you don’t have to calculate the dosage for the baby. Simply use the included measuring syringe.

The maximum permissible daily dosage of Motilium suspension for children under 5 years of age is 2.4 ml per 1 kg of body weight, but not more than 80 mg (80 ml of suspension).

If necessary, the suspension can be taken by adults and adolescents over 12 years of age in a dosage of 10–20 ml 3–4 times a day. The maximum permissible daily dose of the suspension for adults and adolescents over 12 years of age is 80 ml.

Each time before use, shake the bottle of suspension and then open it according to the following algorithm:
1. Press the lid on top while turning it counterclockwise;
2. Remove the cover;
3. Remove the measuring syringe from the package and lower it into the bottle so that its tip extends 1–3 cm into the suspension;
4. Holding the lower ring of the syringe with your fingers, raise the piston to the mark that corresponds to the weight of the child;
5. Hold the syringe by the lower ring and remove it from the bottle;
6. Squeeze the suspension into a spoon or other container;
7. Rinse the syringe well with warm water after use;
8. Close the bottle.

special instructions

Motilium should not be used to relieve or prevent postoperative vomiting.

In case of renal failure, it is recommended to maximally increase the intervals between two subsequent doses of the drug, but there is no need to reduce the dosage. However, if a person suffering from renal failure must take Motilium for a long time, then the entire daily dosage should be divided into 1 - 2 doses, and not 3 - 4. If during the use of the drug, kidney function worsens, then it is necessary to reduce the dosage of the drug.

In case of liver failure, the drug in any form should be used with caution, constantly monitoring the functions and condition of the liver.

When using Motilium simultaneously with antacid drugs (Rennie, Phosphalugel, Almagel, Maalox, etc.) and H2-histamine blockers (Ranitidine, Famotidine, etc.), their intake should be spaced out over time. It is optimal to take Motilium before meals, and antacids and H2-histamine blockers after meals.

The coated tablets contain lactose and should not be taken by people suffering from lactose intolerance or glucose and galactose malabsorption. Also, lozenges should not be taken by people who have an increased risk of developing hyperphenylalaninemia due to their aspartame content.

In children under 1 year of age, Motilium can in rare cases provoke neurological side effects, therefore, when using the drug, you should strictly adhere to the recommended dosages, without increasing them yourself.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

During pregnancy, Motilium can be taken only if the expected benefit to the mother exceeds possible risks for the fetus. Motilium should not be taken while breastfeeding, since the drug is found in milk in a concentration that is 50% of that in the blood.

Impact on the ability to operate machinery

Motilium does not affect a person’s ability to control machinery, therefore, while using the drug, you can engage in any type of activity that requires high concentration and reaction speed.

Overdose

An overdose of Motilium is possible and is manifested by the following symptoms:

• Disorientation;
• Agitation (excitement);
• Altered consciousness;
• Extrapyramidal reactions (tremor, speech impairment, tics, myoclonus, etc.).

To treat an overdose, a single gastric lavage is performed followed by taking a sorbent (activated carbon, Polysorb, Polyphepan, etc.). In the future, if necessary, antihistamines and cholinergic drugs, drugs for the treatment of parkinsonism are used to relieve extrapyramidal reactions.

Interaction with other drugs

Anticholinergic drugs (Aprofen, Atropine, Scopolamine, Dicyclomine, Cyclizine, Benactizine, etc.), Cimetidine and sodium bicarbonate reduce the severity of the therapeutic effect of Motilium. The effect of Motilium is enhanced by Fluconazole, Itraconazole, Ketoconazole, Coriconazole, Clarithromycin, Erythromycin, Amprenavir, Atazanavir, Fosamprenavir, Indinavir, Nelfinavir, Ritonavir, Saquinavir, Diltiazem, Verapamil, Amiodarone, Aprepitant, Nefazodone and Telithromycin.

Ketoconazole and Erythromycin, when used simultaneously with Motilium, cause changes in the ECG, which normalize after discontinuation of the drugs.

Side effects of Motilium

The suspension and both types of Motilium tablets can cause the same following side effects on various organs and systems:
1. Gastrointestinal tract:

• Intestinal spasms;
• Changes in the activity of AST, ALT and ALP;
• Thirst;
• Loss of appetite.

2. Nervous system:

• Extrapyramidal syndrome (tics, tremors, speech impairment, Parkinson-like movements, muscle tone disorders, etc.);
• Convulsions;
• Drowsiness;

3. Mental disorders:

• Agitation (excitement);

4. The immune system:

• Anaphylactic reactions (Quincke's edema, anaphylactic shock, urticaria);
• Allergic reactions.

5. Endocrine system:

• Increased levels of prolactin in the blood;
• Galactorrhea (leakage of milk from the breast);

6. Skin:

Extrapyramidal disorders, as a rule, occur in children, but are transient, that is, they disappear on their own after stopping taking Motilium and do not require special treatment.

Contraindications for use

The suspension and both types of Motilium tablets are contraindicated for use if a person has the following diseases or conditions:

• Prolactinoma (tumor of the pituitary gland of the brain that produces prolactin);
• Hyperprolactinemia (increased levels of prolactin in the blood);
• Concomitant use of drugs containing ketoconazole, erythromycin, fluconazole, voriconazole, clarithromycin, amiodarone or telithromycin as active substances;
• Gastrointestinal bleeding;
• Mechanical intestinal obstruction;
• Perforation of any organ digestive tract;
• Body weight less than 35 kg (for tablets);
• Individual sensitivity or intolerance to the components of the drug;
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding.

In children under 1 year of age, Motilium should be used only in suspension form and with caution.

Motilium - analogues

Motilium has analogues and synonyms on the pharmaceutical market. Synonyms are products containing, like Motilium, domperidone as an active substance. Analogues are medicines containing other active substances, but having the most similar spectrum of therapeutic action.

The following drugs are synonyms for Motilium:

• Damelium tablets;
• Domet tablets;
• Domperidone, Domperidone Hexal and Domperidone-Teva tablets;
• Domstal tablets;
• Motiject tablets;
• Motilak lozenges and film-coated tablets;
• Motinorm syrup and tablets;
• Motonium tablets;
• Passazhiks tablets are chewable and coated.

The following drugs are analogues of Motilium:

• Aceclidine solution for subcutaneous injection;
• Ganaton tablets;
• Dimetpramide tablets and solution for intramuscular injection;
• Itomed tablets;
• Itopra tablets;
• Melomide hydrochloride tablets and solution for intravenous and intramuscular injections;
• Metoclopramide tablets and solution for intravenous and intramuscular injections;
• Metoclopramide-Acri tablets;
• Metoclopramide-Vial, Metoclopramide-Promed, Metoclopramide-ESCOM solution for intravenous and intramuscular injections;
• Perinorm tablets, oral solution and solution for intravenous and intramuscular injections;
• Ceruglan tablets and solution for intravenous and intramuscular injections;
• Cerucal tablets and solution for intravenous and intramuscular injections.

Cheap analogues

Among the synonyms of Motilium, the cheapest drugs are the following:

• Domet – 76 – 108 rubles;
• Domperidone – 99 – 113 rubles;
• Passengers – 84 – 107 rubles;
• Motilak – 126 – 232 rubles;
• Motonium – 94 – 100 rubles.

Among Motilium analogues, the cheapest drugs are the following:

• Dimetpramid – 89 – 168 rubles;
• Metoclopramide 35 – 135 rubles;
• Perinorm 99 – 183 rubles;
• Tseruglan 19 – 42 rubles;
• Cerucal 125 – 142 rubles.

Russian analogues of Motilium

Synonyms and analogues of Motilium produced by Russian pharmaceutical factories are given in the table.

Reviews

Reviews of the use of Motilium in adults are in most cases positive, which is due to the high effectiveness of the drug when taken as indicated. However, not everything is clear in the reviews and there is a large number of nuances, since the range of conditions for which people took Motilium is quite wide and varied.

So, adults took Motilium in two main cases. Firstly, the drug was taken occasionally to relieve nausea and vomiting that occurred due to existing diseases of the digestive tract, dietary disorders or infectious disease. Secondly, adults took Motilium as part of complex therapy for stomach diseases (gastritis, peptic ulcers, pyloric stenosis, etc.), reflux and GERD to relieve flatulence, a feeling of fullness in the epigastrium, belching, early satiety, vomiting and other symptoms of the disorder digestion of food characteristic of these diseases.

When taking Motilium occasionally to relieve vomiting and nausea, the drug eliminates these symptoms in approximately 2/3 of cases after the first tablet. Relieving vomiting and nausea significantly improves general health a person, allowing him to calmly drink various solutions to replenish fluid loss, as well as take other medications, the action of which is aimed at eliminating the cause of symptoms and treating the disease. In such situations, reviews of Motilium were positive.

In the remaining 1/3 of cases, people had to take Motilium to stop vomiting for several days in a row before each meal or liquid. This mode of use of the drug, of course, does not please people, so in such situations, as a rule, they leave neutral or negative feedback.

And when taking Motilium to relieve dyspeptic symptoms (belching, nausea, vomiting, flatulence, feeling of fullness in the stomach, epigastric pain, etc.), characteristic of chronic diseases stomach, GERD and reflux, the drug was effective in almost 100% of cases, so this category of reviews about it is almost all positive.

Motilium for children - reviews

Currently, there is a very interesting situation when, in practice, Motilium is used in children for a wide range of different conditions, and very often not according to indications, but according to one’s own ideas about the physiological functions of the child’s body. Naturally, in such a situation, reviews of Motilium are very varied. To get your bearings, let’s look at the reviews of people who gave the drug to a child for various reasons.

Reviews of the use of Motilium to relieve vomiting in children with rotavirus infections and any other acute infectious diseases, as well as in response to medication, are positive in approximately 2/3 of cases. This is due to the fact that the drug stopped vomiting and improved the general condition of the child, who began to actively play, ask to drink, eat, etc. Moreover, in some cases, to stop vomiting, a single dose of the drug was enough, and in others, it was necessary to give the child syrup several times a day for 2–3 days. When vomiting did not stop after a single dose of the drug, the parents gave Motilium to the child before each meal, drink, or other medication.

Approximately 1/3 - 1/4 of the reviews about Motilium for the relief of vomiting in acute conditions in children are negative, which, as a rule, is due not so much to the properties of the drug as to a subjective attitude towards it, inflated expectations, as well as off-label use. Very often, parents try to give their child Motilium for vomiting caused by poisoning, and when the drug does not have the expected effect, they become disappointed and leave negative feedback. In fact, Motilium will not stop vomiting in case of poisoning, since it is caused by the entry of toxic substances into the blood from the intestines, and not by a disorder of the stomach. In such cases, you need to take sorbents that bind toxic substances. And Motilium can be drunk only before taking the sorbent, so that the child does not vomit within the next 10 - 15 minutes and the main medicinal drug was not brought out.

The second part of the Motilium reviews concerns its use in infants and young children to reduce gas formation, bloating and regurgitation. In this case, almost all reviews about the drug are positive, since the syrup effectively relieved these symptoms.

The third part of the reviews about the drug concerns its use in diseases of the digestive tract in children (GERD, gastritis, gastroduodenitis, esophagitis, reflux) in order to relieve the unpleasant symptoms of slow gastric emptying (feelings of heaviness in the stomach, abdominal pain, belching, flatulence, nausea, vomiting and etc.). This category of reviews is in most cases positive, since parents achieve a good therapeutic effect with regular use of Motilium syrup according to the instructions.

The fourth part of the reviews about Motilium concerns its off-label use. So, many parents give syrup to their children so that food is evacuated from the stomach faster, and they can eat more at a time. This use of syrup is based on the fact that Motilium relieves the feeling of fullness in the stomach. Typically, the drug is used in this way when trying to get a child to “eat well” and gain weight, which, according to parents and doctors, is insufficient. Naturally, this method of improving a child’s appetite and increasing the amount of food he eats does not work for a number of reasons, and parents leave negative feedback about the drug.

Firstly, Motilium reduces the feeling of fullness in the stomach and accelerates the passage of the food bolus into the intestines only in diseases such as peptic ulcers, gastritis, GERD, esophagitis and reflux! And if the child does not suffer from such diseases, then food is evacuated from the stomach into the intestines at a normal speed, and attempts to reduce this period of time only lead to the fact that the food bolus is poorly processed and digested by gastric juice. This will cause colic, flatulence, bloating and other unpleasant sensations in the baby. In other words, trying to speed up the evacuation of the food bolus from the stomach into the intestines, so as to “free up” space for another large portion of food, parents only disrupt the normal digestion process in the child, which ultimately can cause the development of severe chronic gastrointestinal diseases.

Secondly, while taking Motilium, the child will not be able to eat more, but, on the contrary, will be satiated with less food. This is due to the fact that the bolus of food will quickly enter the intestines, from where nutrients will begin to be absorbed into the blood and give a signal to the brain about the onset of satiety. As a result, the child will be satisfied with much less food than before.

That is, the use of Motilium in order to “improve” a child’s nutrition is not only irrational, inappropriate, ineffective and not according to indications, but also dangerous. In order for a child to gain weight, you need to feed him small portions of high-calorie and tasty food 4 to 6 times a day. And trying to feed him a large portion of low-calorie food only stretches the stomach, disrupts the normal digestion process and creates the basis for the development of gastrointestinal diseases.

Ganaton or Motilium?

Ganaton is a prokinetic drug, that is, it improves the motor functioning of the stomach, accelerating the evacuation of its contents and, thereby, relieving the painful symptoms associated with food retention in it (heartburn, belching, flatulence, a feeling of fullness and pain in the stomach, etc. .). And Motilium can be used for the same conditions as Ganaton, but in addition also to stop vomiting. That is, the range of indications of Motilium overlaps that of Ganaton. However, the effectiveness of Ganaton is 10% higher compared to Motilium.

This means that to relieve painful symptoms (nausea, vomiting, heartburn, belching, feeling of fullness and epigastric pain, etc.) of diseases of the stomach and esophagus (gastritis, esophagitis, GERD, peptic ulcer, etc.), you can use both Ganaton and and Motilium. However, Ganaton is preferable in such situations, since this drug is intended specifically for use in the complex treatment of these conditions.

Ganaton is also preferable in cases where it is necessary to take drugs for a long period of time or together with other medications. This is usually necessary in the treatment of chronic diseases of the stomach and esophagus.

For episodic relief of symptoms of dyspepsia (heartburn, belching, vomiting, nausea, feeling of fullness in the stomach, pain in the epigastrium after eating, etc.), arising from a diet violation or for other reasons, you can use any drug that for any reason reasons a person likes it more.

To relieve vomiting and nausea caused by taking any medications, infections, gastrointestinal diseases and functional digestive disorders, you should choose Motilium, since Ganaton is ineffective in such situations.

Motilium should also be chosen if it is necessary to use drugs with similar properties in children, since Ganaton cannot be used to treat children.

Motilium or Motilak?

Motilium and Motilak are synonyms, that is, they contain exactly the same active ingredient domperidone. From the point of view of therapeutic effects, Motilak and Motilium do not differ from each other, however, the first drug causes side effects somewhat more often.

Thus, in the absence of any special requirements to the drug, as well as if the drugs are generally well tolerated, when side effects rarely occur, you can choose any drug - Motilak or Motilium, based only on subjective preferences (for example, for some reason you like one drug more than the other, relatives respond positively or Friends). If a person is prone to developing side effects or does not tolerate any medications well, then Motilium should be preferred.

However, Motilium is available in tablets and suspensions, while Motilak is available only in tablets. Therefore, Motilak cannot be used for children, but Motilium can. That is, if it is necessary to use the drug in children or in people who for some reason find it difficult to swallow tablets, Motilium should be preferred. If a person can take pills, then you can choose any remedy based on your own subjective preferences.

Motilium (tablets and suspension) – price

The cost of various dosage forms of Motilium varies in pharmacies in Russian cities within the following limits:

• Suspension 1 mg/ml, bottle 100 ml – 485 – 672 rubles;
• Lozenges 10 mg, 10 pieces – 345 – 458 rubles;
• Lozenges 10 mg, 30 pieces – 550 – 701 rubles;
• Coated tablets 10 mg, 30 pieces – 452 – 589 rubles.

Before use, you should consult a specialist.

Some diseases of the digestive tract are accompanied by unpleasant clinical manifestations problems that cannot be controlled by dieting. Motilak is an effective and safe medication to combat such symptoms. It acts quickly and is extremely rarely accompanied by negative side effects.

Motilak - composition

The described drug is based on a prokinetic chemical compound, an antagonist of dopamine receptors. The active ingredient in Motilak is 10 mg of domperidone in each tablet. The structure of this component is similar to antipsychotics, and the effect of administration is identical to metoclopramide. It has the following actions:

• increases the duration and intensity of contractions of the gastric walls;
• stimulates intestinal motility;
• increases the tone of the gastroesophageal sphincter;
• accelerates the expulsion of the food bolus from the stomach;
• stops vomiting.

There are also additional substances that Motilak contains - the composition of the tablet includes:

• lactose;
• colloidal silicon dioxide;
• povidone;
• potato starch;
• microcrystalline cellulose;
• sodium carboxymethyl starch;
• magnesium stearate;
• polyethylene glycol 4000 or Tween-80;
• talc;
• hydroxypropylcellulose;
• titanium dioxide.

Another form of the medicine in question is Motilak lozenges - their indications for use are identical to coated tablets. They also contain 10 mg of domperidone, but the auxiliary ingredients in this case are as follows:

• sucrose;
• Primogel (sodium carboxymethyl starch);
• fructose in the form of advantose FS 95;
• crospovidone (polyplasdon ICS EL-10);
• magnesium stearate;
• dextrose;
• peppermint oil.

Motilak tablets - indications for use

The main symptom for which the presented medication is prescribed is vomiting. For any occurrence of this phenomenon, Motilak is recommended - indications include nausea caused by:

• taking medications;
• radiotherapy;
• violation of diet;
• intoxication;
• treatment of Parkinson's disease with Bromocriptine and Levodopa;
• infections;
• organic pathogens and other factors.

Other pathologies that Motilak relieves are indications for use:

• belching;
• gastric hypotension;
• esophageal reflux;
• heartburn;
• epigastric pain syndrome;
• reflux of acid from the stomach into the oral cavity;
• feeling of heaviness in the stomach;
• hiccups;

How to take Motilak?

Before purchasing and using this medicine, you must visit a gastroenterologist and establish a correct diagnosis. It is important that a specialist prescribe Motilak - the use of such a medication without good reason is fraught with changes in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. Stimulation of muscle motility can adversely affect the functioning of the digestive organs.

How to take Motilak - before or after meals?

If the remedy in question is used in a short course, during the appearance of acute and subacute symptoms of the disease, it is allowed to drink or dissolve (1-2 capsules) during the day (3-4 times) regardless of meals. For chronic pathologies and the need for constant use, the drug Motilak is prescribed before meals, 15-30 minutes. The dosage in such cases is 10 mg of domperidone (1 lozenge or tablet) 3 times in 24 hours.

How many days should I take Motilak?

The recommended duration of the therapeutic course is 10 days. If it is exceeded, unwanted side effects may occur. The value of how long you can take Motilak without a break sometimes increases until you take the medication continuously. This applies to severe chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with irreversible changes in the digestive organs.

Motilak for vomiting

When the nausea is very severe and is accompanied by a large release of gastric masses into the esophagus, you should drink 20 mg of domperidone 3 times a day, and take an additional dose before bed. For periodic attacks of vomiting, Motilak tablets are prescribed in the standard portions indicated above. In such situations, the medicine is used for up to 10 days and only after the recommendation of a gastroenterologist.

How to take Motilak for constipation?

The described medication is intended for the treatment of stomach diseases; it also has a prokinetic effect on the intestines. As part of it complex treatment Motilak is sometimes used - indications for use do not include constipation, but domperidone helps accelerate the evacuation of feces. Additionally, this substance stimulates peristalsis, preventing stagnation of feces. The medicine Motilak for defecation disorders is used according to the standard treatment regimen. For 10 days you need to drink or dissolve 1 tablet of the drug three times.

Motilak - contraindications for use

With caution, careful selection of individual dosages and duration of treatment, the proposed remedy is taken in the presence of renal or liver failure. There are cases when it is prohibited to use Motilak - contraindications:

• intolerance to the active ingredient, its derivatives;
• allergy to auxiliary components of tablets and lozenges;
• perforations in the gastrointestinal tract;
• bleeding of any intensity;
• prolactinoma;
• mechanical obstruction in intestinal loops;
• age up to 5 years.

Motilak - side effects

Negative symptoms accompanying domperidone therapy are extremely rare. Motilak side effects:

• spasms in the intestines that randomly disappear and appear;
• skin rashes;
• extrapyramidal disorders;
• galactorrhea;
• increased concentration of the hormone prolactin in plasma;
• gynecomastia;
• anaphylactic condition;
• hives.

A number of undesirable clinical phenomena may occur due to an overdose of Motilak:

• disorientation in time, space;
• drowsiness;
• motor disorders.

When using the drug, it is important to study its interaction with other pharmacological agents. The bioavailability and effectiveness of the drug is reduced or completely neutralized if taken simultaneously:

• antisecretory drugs;
• M-anticholinergics;
• antacids;
• cimetidine;
• sodium bicarbonate.

Acceleration of absorption of the active ingredients of Motilak and an increase in its concentration in the blood are facilitated by:

• drugs from the azole group;
• antifungal medications;
• human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors;
• macrolide antibiotics;
• antidepressants, especially those based on nefazodone.

The active component is well compatible with some drugs, because they do not mutually affect the content of active chemicals in biological fluids:

• dopaminergic receptor agonists;
• digoxin;
• neuroleptics;
• paracetamol and its derivatives.

Motilak during pregnancy

Most expectant mothers at the very beginning of pregnancy suffer from nausea due to toxicosis. Indications for the use of Motilak do not imply its use for this symptom. There have been no studies confirming or refuting the effect of domperidone on the fetus, so it is prescribed to pregnant women with particular caution, if there are direct indications. The use of the medication is advisable only in situations where it is positive therapeutic effect higher than the expected risk to the child.

It is important to take Motilak tablets correctly - the use of the medicine must be carried out strictly in accordance with individual appointments gastroenterologist. Do not take more than 1-2 lozenges or capsules at a time, exceed the maximum daily dosage of 30-60 mg of the active ingredient, or use the drug unless indicated. Violation of the specialist’s recommendations is fraught with the development of severe endocrine and hormonal pathologies.

General characteristics. Compound:

Motilak - film-coated tablets: 1 tablet. contains domperidone 10 mg; excipients: potato starch; lactose; MCC; Aerosil; polyvinylpyrrolidone; magnesium stearate; sodium carboxymethyl starch; hydroxypropylcellulose; twin-80; titanium dioxide; colloidal silicon dioxide; per package 10 and 30 pcs.; Motilak - lozenges: 1 tablet. contains domperidone 10 mg; per pack 10 and 30 pcs.

Pharmacological properties:

Pharmacodynamics. Increases the duration of peristaltic contractions of the antrum of the stomach and duodenum, accelerates gastric emptying if this process slows down, increases the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter, eliminates the development and. Domperidone does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier well, so the use of domperidone is rarely accompanied by extrapyramidal side effects, especially in adults, but domperidone stimulates the release of prolactin from the pituitary gland. Its antiemetic effect may be due to a combination of peripheral (gastrokinetic) action and antagonism of dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. Domperidone has no effect on gastric secretion.

Pharmacokinetics.

Suction. After taking the drug orally, domperidone is rapidly absorbed. It has low bioavailability (about 15%). Reduced acidity of gastric contents reduces the absorption of domperidone. Maximum plasma concentration is achieved after 1 hour.

Distribution. Domperidone is widely distributed in various tissues; its concentration in brain tissue is low. Plasma protein binding is 91-93%. Metabolism Subject to intensive metabolism in the intestinal wall and liver.

Excretion. Excreted through the intestines (66%) and kidneys (33%), unchanged, 10% and 1% of the dose are excreted, respectively. The half-life is 7-9 hours; when severe, it lengthens.

Indications for use:

A complex of dyspeptic symptoms, often associated with delayed gastric emptying, gastroesophageal reflux, esophagitis; a feeling of fullness in the epigastrium, a feeling of bloating, pain in the upper abdomen; , ; with or without reflux of stomach contents into the oral cavity. Nausea and vomiting of functional, organic, infectious origin, caused by radiotherapy, drug therapy or diet, as well as dopamine agonists when used in Parkinson's disease (such as L-dopa and bromocriptine).

Important! Get to know the treatment

Directions for use and dosage:

Chronic dyspepsia Adults: 10 mg (1 tablet) 3 times a day, 15-30 minutes before meals and, if necessary, before bedtime. Children over 5 years of age: 2.5 mg per 10 kg of body weight 3 times a day before meals and, if necessary, before bedtime. If necessary, the indicated dosage can be doubled. Acute and subacute conditions (primarily nausea and vomiting) Adults: 20 mg (2 tablets) 3-4 times a day, before meals and at bedtime. Children over 5 years old: 5 mg per 10 kg of body weight, 3-4 times a day before meals and before bedtime. Notes It is recommended to take Motilak orally before meals. When taking the drug after a meal, absorption slows down somewhat. At renal failure It is recommended to reduce the frequency of taking the drug (see section "Special instructions").

Features of application:

When using Motilak in combination with antacid or antisecretory drugs, the latter should be taken after meals and not before meals, i.e. they should not be taken simultaneously with Motilak

Side effects:

Side effects observed rarely, exceptional cases of transient intestinal spasms have been noted. Extrapyramidal phenomena are observed in children and with increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier. These phenomena are completely reversible and disappear spontaneously after cessation of treatment. Since the pituitary gland is located outside the blood-brain barrier, Motilac can induce an increase in plasma prolactin levels. In rare cases, this can stimulate the appearance of dysmenorrhea. Rare allergic reactions such as rash and.

Interaction with other drugs:

Motilak does not interfere with the speed of reaction. Drug interactions When used simultaneously, anticholinergic drugs can neutralize the effect of Motilak. When used simultaneously with Motilak, antacid and antisecretory drugs reduce its bioavailability. Based on in vitro studies, it can be assumed that when used simultaneously with Motilak, drugs that significantly inhibit the enzyme cytochrome CYP3A4 ( antifungal drugs azole group, macrolide antibiotics, HIV protease inhibitors, antidepressant nefazodone) an increase in plasma domperidone levels may be observed. Domperidone does not affect the level of paracetamol and digoxin in the blood. It is possible that Motilak may affect the absorption of drugs with a delayed release of the active substance or enteric-coated ones used simultaneously orally.

Contraindications:

Established drug intolerance, prolactin-secreting tumor of the pituitary gland (prolactinoma), childhood up to 5 years.

Motilak should not be used when stimulation motor function stomach can be dangerous, i.e. when gastrointestinal bleeding, mechanical obstruction or perforation.

Use for liver diseases. Given the metabolism of domperidone in the liver, Motilak should be prescribed with caution to patients with liver failure. Use in renal disease In patients with severe renal failure (serum creatinine > 6 mg/100 ml, i.e. > 0.6 mmol/l), the half-life of domperidone increased from 7.4 to 20.8 hours, but plasma drug concentrations were lower than those of healthy volunteers. Since a very small percentage of the drug is excreted unchanged by the kidneys, single dose adjustment is hardly necessary in patients with renal failure. However, when re-prescribed, the frequency of administration should be reduced to 1-2 times a day, depending on the severity of the deficiency, and dose reductions may also be necessary. During long-term therapy, patients should be monitored regularly.

Use during pregnancy and lactation. When administered to animals in doses up to 160 mg/kg/day, domperidone did not have a teratogenic effect. However, like most medications, Motilac should be prescribed during the first trimester of pregnancy only if its use is justified by the expected therapeutic benefit. To date, there is no evidence of an increased risk of developmental defects in humans. In women, concentrations of domperidone in breast milk are 4 times lower than the corresponding concentrations in plasma. It is unknown whether this level has a negative effect on newborns. Therefore, if the mother is taking Motilac, breastfeeding is not recommended unless the expected benefit justifies the potential risk.

Overdose:

Symptoms: drowsiness, disorientation and extrapyramidal reactions, especially in children. Treatment: in case of overdose, the use of activated carbon and careful monitoring are recommended. Anticholinergics, drugs used to treat, or antihistamines may be effective in cases of extrapyramidal reactions.

Storage conditions:

Shelf life: 2 years. Do not use after the expiration date indicated on the package. In a dry place, protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding 25°C.

Vacation conditions:

Over the counter

Package:

10 tablets in a blister. 1 or 3 blisters in a cardboard box with instructions for use, 30 tablets in an orange glass jar in a cardboard box with instructions for use.

Many people will tell you what to take Motilak for: it is a reliable antiemetic drug that has been used for a long time. Its effect is due to an increase in the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter. It acts mainly on the peristalsis of the stomach and duodenum - it can increase the duration of contractions of the walls. Motilak also accelerates the emptying of the stomach from a food bolus. In addition to eliminating vomiting, it can calm hiccups and cope with nausea.

What does Motilak help with?

The main indications for the use of Motilak are nausea and vomiting of various origins, for example:

• against the background of certain diseases, infections;
• in case of poisoning (both food and drug poisoning);
• during radiation therapy;
• due to studies of the gastrointestinal tract (endoscopic and radiopaque).

It is also prescribed for atony of the gastrointestinal tract, and if it is necessary to accelerate peristalsis. In addition, Motilak is used for dyspeptic disorders:

• feeling of fullness in the stomach;
• feeling of bloating;
• flatulence;
• gastralgia (cramping pain in the stomach);
• belching;
• heartburn (both with and without the reflux of stomach contents into the oral cavity).

Application of Motilak

Motilak tablets are taken half an hour before meals. The coated tablet is not chewed.

There is a standard dosage that the doctor must adhere to. For an adult, a single dose is 10 mg; you should not take more than 30 mg per day. Although in special cases (acute vomiting) the daily dose can be doubled. The dosage for children depends on their weight: children weighing 20-30 kg are prescribed half a tablet twice a day, over 30 kg - one tablet also twice a day.

For patients with renal failure, the doctor must adjust the dose.

Contraindications

Motilak is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity or intolerance to the components of the drug; it is also not prescribed for:

• bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract;
• perforations (ruptures in the walls) of the gastrointestinal tract;
• obstruction;
• prolactinoma (tumor of the anterior pituitary gland, responsible for the production of the hormone prolactin).

Motilak is not given to children under 5 years of age or children weighing up to 20 kg. In case of impaired renal or liver function, it is used with caution. During pregnancy or breastfeeding the drug is prescribed only when appropriate.

Side effects and overdose

When taking Motilac, some patients experience:

• transient intestinal spasms;
• extrapyramidal disorders (a group of movement disorders, in connection with taking Motilak, most often occurs in children);
• increased prolactin levels;
• galactorrhea (spontaneous leakage of milk from the mammary glands, regardless of the process of feeding the child);
• gynecomastia (enlargement of the mammary glands in men);
• allergic reactions (for example, rash, urticaria, anaphylactic shock).

If you exceed the standard dose of Motilac, the patient will experience drowsiness, disorientation, and extrapyramidal reactions. To eliminate the consequences of an overdose, it is usually used Activated carbon or the stomach is washed, then symptomatic treatment. In order to eliminate extrapyramidal disorders, doctors may use antihistamines.

Compatibility with other drugs

The components of Motilak may interact with other substances, which must be taken into account when selecting medicines. As a result of this interaction, the bioavailability of domperidone (with cimetidine, sodium bicarbonate) may be reduced, and its effect may be completely neutralized (by anticholinergic drugs, for example).

A number of substances can increase plasma concentrations of domperidone, some of which include:

• antifungal drugs;
• antibiotics;
• HIV protease inhibitors;
• antidepressants (nefazodone).

Motilak is compatible with antipsychotics and dopaminergic receptor agonists.

Now, we hope you know what Motilak tablets are indicated for. Of course, this drug is available at the pharmacy without a doctor’s prescription, and you can use it yourself - but in order to avoid unwanted reactions, you should still talk about this with your doctor. Be healthy!

We all suffer from heartburn, indigestion, dyspepsia, and flatulence from time to time. In this case, Motilak is used; instructions for use will be described in this article.

Release form, composition and packaging

Release form: pills. The drug is available in a white or whitish-yellow hue, biconvex. It consists of several layers; they can be identified by examining the cross section.

Compound. The main active ingredient in Motilac is domperidone. The instructions for use say that one capsule contains the main substance in the amount of 0.01 g.

According to the instructions, Motilak consists of the following components:

Package: cardboard boxes or bundles. Available in plates of 10 pieces each. There are 3 plates in a package. Available in polymer jars in quantities of 30 or more. Polymer containers can contain 2-2.5 kg of Motilak.

pharmachologic effect

Motilak is used for severe vomiting and hiccups. The method of action of Motilak is that several actions on the body are combined: peripheral and antagonism, together with the dopamine receptor in the trigger zone of chemoreceptors.

The drug does not dull the symptoms, but removes them altogether. In the instructions you can learn about the mechanism of action of Motilak.

Thanks to the drug, there is an increase in peristaltic contraction in the gastrointestinal tract. Increases the tone of the gastric sphincter, and also provokes accelerated emptying of the gastrointestinal tract.

Pharmakinetics

• Suction. According to the instructions, it is said that Motilak, the main component of the drug is quickly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract, this happens immediately after taking it. Has low bioavailability, approximately 16%. The absorption process of Domperidone is reduced due to the reduced acidity of the gastrointestinal tract contents. The effect of the medicine is observed within an hour.
• Distribution. About 93-95% of plasma is protein bound. The spectrum of action of Domperidone extends to almost the entire body. Domperidone is not detected in brain tissue. By reading the instructions you can find out more detailed information.
• Half life. The most intense half-life (metabolism) of the drug elements is observed in the liver and intestines.
• Removal from the body. On average, Motilak completely leaves the human body after 10 hours. The drug is excreted through the intestines and kidneys, in a ratio of 70%:30%, respectively.
• Special clinical cases. The period of removal of Motilac from the body may increase during chronic renal failure. In acute renal failure, the period for Domperidone to leave the body can reach 21 hours. But in such cases, a lower content of the element in the plasma is observed than in a person with a healthy body.

Pharmacodynamics

The BBB practically does not miss Domperidone for information in the instructions. That is why extrapyramidal effects can be found with Motilak, in particular this only applies to adults.

Indications for use of Motilak

Most often, the symptoms resemble slow gastrointestinal function.

Motilak is used for:

Contraindications to the use of Motilak

• prolactinoma;
• The child’s age is less than 5 years;
• allergic reaction or hypersensitivity to Domperidone.

It is also prohibited to take Motilak if doctors prohibit artificial stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as in case of internal bleeding, perforation or mechanical obstruction.

Side effects

The instructions indicate only a few categories for side effects:

1. The esophageal system may respond with painful spasms.
2. Extrapyramidal syndrome of the central nervous system in a child.
3. Endocrine system: dysmenorrhea.
4. Allergic reaction with a characteristic rash.

Instructions for use

The course of treatment depends on the duration of the symptoms of the disease and is prescribed individually by a specialist.

Adults need to use 3-4 times (domperidone dosage 20 mg).

Chronic dyspeptic symptoms take a dosage of 10 mg. With the same frequency as in the previous case. If the need arises, the dosage can be doubled.

At chronic failure kidneys should be careful with the dosage and take no more than twice a day. If necessary, the dosage is reduced.

Overdose

An overdose can be distinguished by such signs as: disorientation, constant feeling of drowsiness.

The instructions say that medical assistance will be necessary in case of an overdose. Experts say that the first thing to drink is activated carbon. Medicines against parkinsonism, antihistamines are used to combat extrapyramidal reactions in children.

Interaction with other drugs

The instructions say about the interaction of Motilak with similar drugs.

You can increase the level of plasma content using such groups of drugs as:

• antifungals from the azole subgroup;
• macrolide antibiotics;
• HIV protease inhibitors;
• nefazodone.

Drugs with a neutral spectrum of action, such as:

• anticholinergic;
• antacids;
• antisecretory to reduce bioavailability.

Some doctors believe that absorption is affected by the use of a pair or even more drugs at the same time, while the release of the main active ingredient slows down.

Levels of paracetamol and digoxin are not affected by Domperidone.

With the prescribed course of treatment, Motilak is compatible with Omez, Omeprazole and Diclofinac. But since these drugs are similar in composition, one drug can be replaced with another.

Alcohol compatibility

It is allowed to combine alcohol with Motilak if:

• Men can use the drug 18 hours before drinking alcohol;
• Women can use the drug one day before drinking alcohol;
• Men can use the drug 8 hours after drinking alcohol;
• Women can use the drug 14 hours after drinking alcohol.

It follows from this that it is strictly forbidden for both men and women to drink alcohol with medicine. The instructions say not to drink alcohol during treatment to avoid risks.

It is forbidden to use Motilak in case of alcohol poisoning or hangover.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

On early, a pregnant woman is allowed to use the medicine only when all risks during treatment are eliminated and it will benefit the expectant mother.

To date, it has not yet been proven that the medicine poses a threat to the child.

There is also no risk for the baby during breastfeeding, since the level of Domperidone in milk is lower than in plasma.

The negative effect of the main component of the drug in such quantities on a child has not been studied. Therefore, the use of the medicine is not recommended during pregnancy and lactation.

It is not allowed to take Motilak in case of toxicosis in the early stages.

Use in childhood

It is strictly not recommended to give the medicine to children under five years of age. If a 6-year-old child has chronic dyspeptic symptoms, it is allowed to use the medicine 3 times a day, 0.025 g per 10 kg of the child’s weight.

A single dose of the drug 0.05 g per 10 kg of child weight is allowed in case of strong vomiting. If you have an allergic reaction, it is not recommended to use the drug.

Use in old age

Elderly people are recommended to drink Motilak to prevent post-stroke conditions.

Use for liver and kidney dysfunction

For those who suffer from improper functioning of the liver, the medicine should be carefully prescribed and taken, since domperidone is subject to metabolism in it.

Due to the fact that 1% of the medicine leaves the kidneys intact, it is recommended for people suffering from dysfunction in them to adjust the single dose.

If Motilak is re-prescribed for such an ailment, the dosage is reduced accordingly and the doctor constantly monitors the patient to avoid worsening the patient’s condition.

special instructions

The psychomotor reaction is not impaired while taking Motilak. If the drug is prescribed with antacids and antisectors, it is not recommended to use them at the same time. When combining several medications, it is recommended to take Motilak after meals.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

You can purchase the drug in pharmacies without a prescription or doctor’s recommendations.

Storage conditions and shelf life

The medicine must be stored at room temperature in a dark place out of reach of children. After opening the package, the drug is good for 5 years. It is advisable not to use after the expiration date.

Price for Motilak

Motilak is especially popular and is very common in all pharmacies. You can purchase inexpensive medicine online, at a pharmacy, or from pharmacists.

The price of the drug depends on the form produced. Film packaging of tablets costs approx. 200 rubles, and for resorption from 250 rubles. The price of the drug may vary, depending on the pharmacy and city.

Average price for Motilak in pharmacies Russian Federation hesitates from 200 to 1000 rubles.

Motilak - analogues

The drug has analogues that have the same effective effect:

1. - the closest medicine with the same composition. You can find it in any pharmacy, it has an affordable price and an excellent healing effect. The cost of the drug starts from 100 rubles.
2. — chewable tablets. Used as an antiemetic. It has practically no contraindications. The main active ingredient is domperidone. The price of the drug varies within from 260 to 350 rubles per package.
3. Motonium- another medicine with an antiemetic effect. It is not recommended to use it for pituitary tumors, gastrointestinal bleeding, or allergies to components. The price fluctuates, but reaches its maximum in 330 rubles. You can find it in any pharmacy in Russia.
4. Motizhekt another analogue of Motilac with the active ingredient domperidone. Used against nausea, vomiting, reflux esophagitis, flatulence, cholecystitis. The drug is available without a prescription in all pharmacies in Russia. Price varies from 150 rubles per package.
5. - one of the drugs included in the group of inhibitors proton pump. The main active ingredient is omeprozole. A drug is used to block synthesized of hydrochloric acid. Used to avoid ulcerative conditions. Sold in all pharmacies. Price varies from 80 to 250 rubles.
6. Domet used against hiccups, vomiting and nausea. The main task of the drug is to block dopamine receptors. Stimulates evacuation and motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract. Starting price of the drug from 104 rubles.

All analogues of Motilak:

1. Motinorm;
2. Damelium;
3. ; and Motilak are almost identical, they have minor differences. In order to determine which drug is more effective, it is necessary to conduct an experiment or study, but most often people look at reviews of the drug from leading experts.

   Prolonging gastrointestinal motility is the main goal of both drugs.