There was a period when this culture was used as a dye, forgetting about its beneficial properties.
However, they didn't share it. And the experience of ancient healers made modern medical professionals rethink the meaning of madder in the treatment of kidney and liver diseases, and scientists - to fully explore the plant. As a result, medicine has received a powerful natural remedy for the elimination of kidney and gallstones with proven effectiveness and a number of other positive properties.

Botanical characteristic

In Georgia, madder is still used as a natural dye for Easter eggs. Bundles of grass are sold everywhere, because in this area the plant is widespread.

area

Madder grows wild in the Mediterranean countries, in Asia Minor and Central Asia, in the eastern part of the European continent. Its thickets can be found in the following countries:

• Turkey;
• Libya;
• Lebanon;
• Georgia;
• Iran and Iraq;
• Tajikistan;
• Uzbekistan;
• Ukraine.

Wild madder is found in the European part of Russia and in the Caucasus, since it was there that attempts were made to cultivate the plant for industrial purposes.

For good growth and development, madder needs warmth and moisture. Under dry climatic conditions, the plant weakens, rarely bears fruit. Light, fertile soil is best suited for cultivation, however, in the wild, the plant is not very selective - loam, solonetz, stony and sandy soils with sufficient moisture are suitable for the active vegetation of the plant.

Morphological features

It is a herbaceous perennial, containing dyes in rhizomes and fruits. Its dimensions range from 30 cm to 150 cm. The more favorable the climatic conditions, the stronger and larger the madder grows.

• Roots. The long fleshy main root, located horizontally, has many rhizomes extending from it, as well as adventitious roots. Specific substances accumulate in the rhizomes of madder, adventitious roots serve to attract moisture. Inside the root is painted in beige-orange color. The bark is reddish brown.
• stems. Madder is considered a climbing plant, as its thin and flexible stems cling to other grasses and shrubs with the help of thorns on the edges. Stems with four faces are divided into opposite branches.
• Leaves . They form whorls, gathering in two, four or six pieces. Shape - lanceolate or elliptical. Maximum length - 10 cm, width - 3 cm. The structure of the sheet plate is rigid, the surface is shiny, the color is light green. The edges and veins on the underside have small spikes for traction with other plants.
• Flowers. They appear from June. Painted yellow-green, small, star-shaped corolla. They are located on the tops of stems or peduncles emerging from the axils of the leaves. Madder blooms until August.
• Fruit. Ripen from August to September. Represented by juicy black drupes, inside of which there is one or two seeds. Madder fruit juice leaves hard-to-remove red stains on clothes.

Reproduction of the plant occurs both from the rhizome and with the help of seeds. For this reason, thickets form over time in the place of growth of one individual.

Procurement of raw materials

The raw materials are dried roots and rhizomes. They are harvested before the start of the growing season or after it ends. The best time is late autumn, when the aerial part of the plant withers completely. Harvest raw materials, given three rules.

1. Collection. The roots of madder dye are dug up with a shovel, pulled out of the ground along with the aerial part, thoroughly shaken off, after which the grass is cut off.
2. Training. It is often advised to dry unwashed roots, but in case of severe contamination, it is permissible to quickly rinse with a powerful pressure of cold water. The underground part of the plant is dried from excess moisture in the air, spoiled and damaged roots are selected.
3. Drying. To dry the madder, you will need to spread the roots in a thin layer on a paper or fabric pallet, which is placed in a shaded place in the air. The accelerated drying happens in the dryer - at a temperature of 45-50ºС.

Store dried roots in linen bags for two years. A dark and well-ventilated room is suitable for storing medicinal raw materials. Madder requires moderate harvesting to preserve it. natural sources. The collection of raw materials in one place is carried out every three years, leaving intact young plants, as well as parts of rhizomes in the ground.

Compound

The root contains substances of the anthraquinone series, the amount of which is 5-6% by weight of the raw material. It is because of the concentrated chemical composition that madder is considered a potent medicinal raw material, and its use requires the appointment and control of a doctor. Anthraquinone substances are represented by:

• ruberitric acid;
• purpurin;
• haliosin;
• purpuroxanthine;
• ribiadin;
• alizarin;
• ibericin.

Substances from the anthraquinone group are able to react with salt deposits in the renal pelvis. At the same time, they loosen the structure and facilitate the removal of stones.

organic acids

The raw material of madder dye is also rich in the following acids.

• Lemon. Stimulates appetite and digestive processes, improving metabolism. Promotes accelerated breakdown of fat-containing compounds and their efficient use as an energy source. Stimulates the protective reactions of the body, promotes the removal of toxins from the cells and the extracellular space of all tissues.
• Apple. An activator of the body's consumption of energy extracted from fat reserves. Normalizes fat and carbohydrate metabolism. Eliminates constipation caused by a decrease in peristalsis of the intestinal muscles. It has the ability to stimulate blood formation.
• Wine. It has antitoxic, anti-allergic properties. Stimulates the secretion of bile and urine. Normalizes the secretory function of the stomach, eliminating heartburn, a feeling of heaviness.

Other chemicals

Madder rhizomes contain substances from other biochemical groups.

• triterpenoid compounds. Improve the state of the cardiovascular system: reduce blood cholesterol, strengthen vascular walls, normalize arterial pressure, optimize the work of the heart muscle. They have the power to activate the detoxification function of the liver, stimulate the adrenal glands, and prevent cancer.
• Coumarins. Able to destroy atypical cells, prevent tumor metastasis. They also accelerate the process of blood clotting in case of damage, contribute to the rapid healing of wounds.
• Iridoids. Stimulate the immune system, accelerating the maturation of lymphocytes and phagocytes. Show antitumor activity. Relieve pain. Show choleretic and diuretic properties.
• Flavonoids. Eliminate inflammation, stimulate the heart. Normalize the state vascular walls and metabolism.
• Tannins. They have enveloping, anti-inflammatory, adsorbing properties. They contribute to the elimination of inflammation in the intestines, accelerate the healing of ulcerative lesions, remove salts of heavy metals from the body.

Madder also contains minerals, ascorbic acid, sugary and protein substances. The rich chemical composition and the presence of biologically active compounds provide a comprehensive and fast action plants to all systems of the human body.

Medicinal properties

The medicinal properties of culture are based on its main pharmacological actions.

• Diuretic. The plant is used as part of the complex therapy of urolithiasis, if the calculi found in the kidneys are of a phosphate or oxalate nature.
• Antispasmodic. The active ingredients of madder help to reduce spasms urinary tract when passing through them calculi, as well as cystitis. The plant is also useful in acute prostatitis and urethritis.
• Choleretic. The plant stimulates the secretion of digestive juices and bile, preventing the formation of flakes and gallstones.
• Anti-inflammatory. Since ancient times, madder has been used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis of the bones and intestines. The use of madder dye is noted for gout, osteochondrosis, because the plant removes deposits from the joints.
• Painkiller. It manifests itself due to the antispasmodic properties of madder dye.
• Antibacterial. Extracts from the plant are especially active against bacteria of the coccal group, have an antifungal effect.
• Antitumor. Madder is used for myomas, fibromyomas, ovarian tumors, malignant lesions of the intestine, as well as for pancreatic cancer.

AT traditional medicine madder dye is introduced into the composition of herbal preparations for the treatment of constipation, inflammation of the spleen, as well as for the normalization of ovulatory menstrual cycle. Bactericidal properties are appropriate for the treatment of skin inflammations, wounds.

Contraindications

The root is contraindicated in the following conditions:

• glomerulonephritis;
• pregnancy and lactation;
• peptic ulcer stomach;
• individual sensitivity to the plant.

With the internal use of the herbal remedy, it is possible to stain the patient's urine in a pinkish or reddish-brown color. In the latter case, adjust the dose of the herb or stop taking it.

Prescription drugs

At home, preparations are prepared from phyto-raw materials according to the following recipes.

Decoction

Peculiarities. It is used for gout, polyarthritis, osteochondrosis, to eliminate inflammation of the spleen. Also used for jaundice and ascites.

Preparation and application

1. A teaspoon of powder from the roots is poured into 300 ml of boiling water.
2. Put on a slow fire, boil for ten minutes.
3. After heating, filter, leave to cool completely.
4. Take half a glass three times a day, 40 minutes after eating.

Infusion

Peculiarities. It is used to eliminate pain and spasms in gallstones.

Preparation and application

1. One teaspoon of crushed root is poured into a glass of cold water.
2. After eight hours of infusion, the mixture is filtered.
3. Strained raw materials are poured with a glass of boiling water for 15 minutes, after which they are filtered.
4. The resulting infusions are mixed.
5. Take a glass for two approaches throughout the day.

Tincture

Peculiarities. In folk medicine, this tincture is used to treat stones in the ureters, amenorrhea, anemia, diseases of the spleen.

Preparation and application

1. A tablespoon of powder from the roots is poured into 100 ml of pharmaceutical alcohol diluted twice.
2. The remedy is insisted in a dark place for two weeks, after which it is filtered.
3. Take ten drops three times a day for the treatment of diseases, and 20 drops for colic.

When treating with madder dye, the patient must provide himself with the correct drinking regimen. 1.5 liters of clean water per day is a mandatory minimum.

Ready medicines

In pharmacies, you can buy ready-made products from this plant.

herbal tea

Peculiarities. Sold packaged in filter bags. Contains birch leaves, as well as pharmacy chamomile. It is positioned as a general tonic, since it has a positive effect on the condition defensive forces body, the work of the heart, and also tones the entire excretory system.

Application

1. The package is filled with a glass of boiling water.
2. Infuse for five minutes, after which they are taken orally.
3. Consume in the evening after meals, in courses of four weeks.

Extract

Peculiarities. Available in tablets and capsules for internal use. Drinks in monthly courses. Repetition is possible after a month break. The expediency of such treatment is determined by the doctor.

Application

1. Two or three tablets are dissolved in 150 ml of slightly warmed water.
2. Take regularly three times a day, always at the same time.

Drops

Peculiarities. The drug contributes to the replacement of calcium in oxalate salts with magnesium. Such salts are easily soluble in water, and therefore are excreted from the kidneys without problems. However, madder drops are a drug from a Ukrainian pharmaceutical company and are not sold in Russia.

Application

1. The drug in the amount of 20 drops is dissolved in 150 ml of boiled water at room temperature.
2. Take orally twice a day, simultaneously with meals.

Powder

Application

1. 1 g of powder from the roots is taken orally three times a day.
2. Dry powder is put on the tongue, washed down with half a glass of water.

"Cistenal"

Peculiarities. It is used for the treatment of nephrolithiasis, as well as for the elimination of regular and acute renal colic.

Application

1. Standard reception: four drops of the drug are taken orally along with sugar.
2. For colic: 20 drops of the drug once.
3. For the prevention of colic: ten drops three times a day for the period prescribed by the doctor.

Non-medical applications

Madder tint is often prescribed by veterinarians for kidney stones or urinary problems in pets where stones block the ureters. The plant quickly loosens the deposits and removes them. The whole process is naturally anesthetized.

For the treatment of cats and dogs, veterinarians prescribe an extract of madder, sold in a pharmacy. The fourth part of the tablet is dissolved in 25 ml of water. The medicine is given to the pet at the rate of 1 ml of solution per 1 kg of weight.

Phyto raw materials are also used for cosmetic purposes.

• For smooth skin. To care for the skin of the body, baths with madder are taken. Two tablespoons of crushed root pour 2 liters of water. Bring the mixture to a boil and boil for five minutes. After complete cooling, the mixture is filtered and poured into a bath of water.
• From acne. An ointment is prepared from madder. It is applied to problem areas of the skin twice a day. After 15 minutes, the residue is washed off with warm water. Madder root is ground into powder. Mix a tablespoon of powder with 20 g of petroleum jelly or baby cream.
• For hair. The plant is used to give red shades to the red or chestnut color of the hair. A tablespoon of crushed madder roots is poured with a glass of boiling water. Insist ten minutes. Another hot infusion pour henna. Leave for a while to highlight natural pigments. The substance is applied to the hair for three hours, after which it is washed off with warm water without shampoo.

The therapeutic use of madder requires a mandatory consultation of a specialist and a hardware examination to assess the size of the stones. With complex therapy using madder dye, even large kidney stones are reduced in size and come out more easily.

Rubia tinctorum
Taxon: family Rubiaceae ( rubiaceae)
Other names: georgian madder, petiolate madder, krapp, krapp, marzana, marina
English: Indian madder, madder, Dyer's madder, alizarine, purpurin

The generic name comes from the Latin ruber- red, according to the color of the roots, and tinctorus- dyeing.

Botanical description of madder dye

Perennial herbaceous plant with a long horizontal rhizome. The rhizome is branched, cylindrical, red-brown on the outside (orange-red wood inside), thickened at the nodes, many-headed, developing several stems from crowded buds. The roots are superficial, branched, cylindrical. The stem is branched, from 30 cm to 1.5 m high, ascending, decumbent, tetrahedral, with opposite branches planted along the ribs with backward-curved prickly spikes, with which the plant clings to neighboring grasses. Leaves are paired, opposite or 4-6 in whorls, glabrous, about 10 cm long and 3 cm wide, shiny, lanceolate, at the base narrowed into a very short petiole, prickly at the edges, rough. The flowers are small with a star-shaped corolla 1-1.5 mm in diameter in axillary semi-umbels collected in leafy multicolor panicles. The fruit is drupe-shaped, fleshy, with 1-2 seeds.
Madder dyed blooms in June-August, bears fruit in August-September.

Places of growth of madder dye

Madder dye - a plant of Mediterranean flora, common in Asia Minor and Central Asia, Eastern Europe: Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq, Iran, Georgia, Azerbaijan Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, countries of the former Yugoslavia. As a wild plant, it is found in the south of the European part of Russia, in the Caucasus.
It grows along the banks of rivers, irrigation canals, among shrubs, prefers loamy soils with a constant level of humidity.

Collection and preparation of madder dye

Rhizome and madder root are used as medicinal raw materials. They dig them up in the fall after the death of the aerial parts or in early spring before the start of regrowth, carefully clean them from the ground and wash them without delay in cold water. Dry in the open air, under sheds or in attics with good ventilation, laying out a thin layer of 3-5 cm on tarpaulins or fabrics and stirring occasionally. It is better to dry in dryers at a temperature of 45-50 ° C. Shelf life of raw materials - 3 years.

The chemical composition of madder dye

The rhizomes of madder dye contain organic acids (malic, tartaric, citric), oxymethylanthraquinones and their derivatives (5-6%). triterpenoids, iridoids, sugars, proteins, ascorbic acid, pectins, polyphenolic compounds: purpuroxanthin, quinizarin, purpurin (purpurin), alizarin (alizarin).
Carbohydrates, iridoids, phenolcarboxylic acids and their derivatives, coumarins, flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, luteolin, etc.) were found in the aerial part. The glycoside asperuloside was found in young shoots (up to 7%). The leaves contain flavonoids and iridoids.
The flowers contain flavonoids hyperoside and rutin.

Pharmacological properties of madder dye

Madder has diuretic properties, has a bactericidal effect against the coccal group of microbes, lowers the tone and enhances the peristaltic contractions of the muscles of the renal pelvis and ureters, contributing to the movement of stones.

The use of madder dye in medicine

Madder dye has the ability to gradually loosen and destroy kidney and bladder stones. The greatest therapeutic effect is manifested with stones consisting of phosphate salts of magnesium and calcium, as well as oxalate nature.
Urine under the influence of madder turns red. Staining begins 3-4 hours after ingestion, lasts up to 1 day with medium doses.
Preparations from madder roots (tinctures, decoctions, dry extract, etc.) are used in traditional herbal medicine and modern medicine in diseases of the kidneys - as a nephrolytic agent to reduce spasms and facilitate the discharge of small stones.
A decoction of leaves and branches of madder is used as a lotion for women with amenorrhea.
Crushed leaves and roots discolor freckles, remove dark spots on the skin.
A decoction of madder root in wine or water with a little honey and sugar is recommended in the treatment of jaundice, obstruction of the spleen, melancholy, paralysis, sciatica, it is effective for internal and external bruises.

Medicinal preparations of madder dye

Cystenal(drops for oral administration) is a tincture of madder root with the addition of ethanol, magnesium salicylate and essential oils.
Cystenal is indicated for, accompanied by secondary inflammatory changes, crystalluria, spasms of the urinary tract.
Dosage and administration: inside, 3-5 drops 3 times a day 15-30 minutes before meals (in water or on a piece of sugar). If necessary, it is possible to temporarily increase the dose to 10 drops 3 times a day. With increased acidity of gastric juice, Cystenal should be taken during or after meals. In case of reduced gastric secretion, a combination with preparations containing pepsin and hydrochloric acid is recommended. The course of treatment is 3-4 weeks.
Decoction of madder roots: 10 g of finely chopped madder roots brew with 1 cup of boiling water, heat in an enamel pan with a covered lid for 10 minutes, leave for 15 minutes, strain. Drink 1 tbsp. l. 3-5 times a day.
Madder extract appoint inside with urolithiasis 3 times a day, 3-4 drops per piece of sugar half an hour before meals. With attacks of colic, 20 drops of the extract are prescribed once. Taken after meals. The course of treatment is 20-30 days. Repeated courses are carried out in 4-6 weeks

The results of scientific research madder dye

In a study on rats, madder was found to have antidiarrheal activity.
Animal studies have shown the plant to be a rat carcinogen.
In the study of madder dye found its antimicrobial properties in vitro (in vitro).

Contraindications for the use of madder dye

Madder dye preparations are contraindicated in acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, gastric ulcer, hyperacid gastritis.
Madder root, when taken orally, can cause miscarriage in humans.

The use of madder dye on the farm

The history of madder growing is primarily associated with its use as a bright red dye (alizarin pigment). Madder extracts, marketed under the name krapp, were most popular in the 19th century, before the era of aniline dyes.
Purpurine, extracted from madder, is being considered as a potential substitute for cobalt in lithium-ion batteries. This will help eliminate hazardous material from production, allow batteries to be produced at room temperature, and reduce the cost of battery disposal.

Used Books

1. Maznev N.I. Encyclopedia of medicinal plants. 3rd ed. - M.: Martin, 2004
2. Inoue, Kaoru; Yoshida, Midori; Takahashi, Miwa; Fujimoto, Hitoshi; Ohnishi, Kuniyoshi; Nakashima, Koichi; Shibutani, Makoto; Hirose, Masao; Nishikawa, Akiyoshi (2009). "Possible contribution of rubiadin, a metabolite of madder color, to renal carcinogenesis in rats". Food and Chemical Toxicology 47(4): 752–9
3. Kalyoncu, Fatih; Cetin, Burcu; Saglam, Husniye (2006). "Antimicrobial activity of common madder (Rubia tinctorum L.)". Phytotherapy Research 20(6): 490–2.
4 Karim, Ahmed; Mekhfi, Hassan; Ziyyat, Abderrahim; Legssyer, Abdelkhaleq; Bnouham, Mohammed; Amrani, Souliman; Atmani, Fouad; Melhaoui, Ahmed; Aziz, Mohammed (2010). "Anti-diarrhoeal activity of crude aqueous extract of Rubia tinctorum L. Roots in rodents". Journal of Smooth Muscle Research 46(2): 119–23.
5. Blömeke, Brunhilde; Poginsky, Barbara; Schmutte, Christoph; Marquardt, Hildegard; Westendorf, Johannes (1992). "Formation of genotoxic metabolites from anthraquinone glycosides, present in Rubia tinctorum L". Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 265 (2): 263.
6. Inoue, Kaoru; Yoshida, Midori; Takahashi, Miwa; Fujimoto, Hitoshi; Shibutani, Makoto; Hirose, Masao; Nishikawa, Akiyoshi (2009). "Carcinogenic potential of alizarin and rubiadin, components of madder color, in a rat medium-term multi-organ bioassay". Cancer Science 100(12): 2261–7.
7. Reddy, Arava Leela Mohana; Nagarajan, Subbiah; Chumyim, Porramate; Gowda, Sanketh R.; Pradhan, Padmanava; Jadhav, Swapnil R.; Dubey, Madan; John, George; Ajayan, Pulickel M. (2012). "Lithium storage mechanisms in purpurin based organic lithium ion battery electrodes". Scientific Reports 2.

Photos and illustrations of madder dye

flower formula

The formula of the madder flower is: * Ch5L (5) T5P2.

In medicine

Madder dye preparations are used in adults with urolithiasis, to relieve spasms and reduce pain during the passage of stones containing phosphates (small stones and sand) from the kidneys and urinary tract. It is used to prevent relapses after surgery, as well as for phosphaturia.

Usually, madder preparations are taken in combination with other drugs in the treatment of urolithiasis.

Madder dye extract is available in tablets of 0.25 g. Assign 2-3 tablets 3 times a day. The course of treatment is 20-30 days. Before use, the tablet must be dissolved in 1/2 cup of warm boiled water.

Cystenal (Cystenal) - a drug that includes tincture of madder root, magnesium salicylate, essential oils, ethyl alcohol, olive oil. Take it, having previously dripped 2-3 drops on a piece of sugar, 30 minutes before meals. With an attack of colic, the dosage is reduced. With heartburn caused by taking the drug, it is prescribed to take it during or after a meal.

The drug "Marelin" is available in tablets. It consists of: dry madder extract, dry horsetail herb extract, dry goldenrod extract, monosubstituted magnesium phosphate, corglicon, kellin, salicylamide. In the presence of stones, the drug is prescribed to take 2-4 tablets 3 times a day, for 20-30 days. A second course of treatment is carried out after 1-1.5 months.

For prevention after surgical removal of stones or their spontaneous discharge, 2 tablets are prescribed 3 times a day for 2-3 months. A second course of treatment can be carried out after 4-6 months. Patients with diseases gastrointestinal tract prescribed to take the drug after a meal.

Madder is a powerful remedy. Therefore, preparations based on it must be used with caution and under the supervision of the attending physician.

Contraindications and side effects

Madder preparations can irritate the gastric mucosa, increase the acidity of gastric juice. Contraindications to their use are acute and chronic glorumelonephritis, peptic ulcer, hyperacid gastritis, severe renal failure, age up to 18 years, pregnancy, breastfeeding.

Overdose can cause pain and exacerbation of chronic inflammatory urological diseases.

In other areas

Madder is a demanded raw material. The plant is cultivated in the countries of Western Europe and some Asian countries, in the Caucasus. From the rhizomes and roots of madder, dyes (from pink to purple) are obtained, which are used in carpet production.

Madder is a fodder plant for cattle; when eaten in large quantities, cows' milk turns red. Also in veterinary medicine, madder is used for urolithiasis.

Classification

The madder family (lat. Rubiaceae) is one of the largest angiosperms. It includes 450-500 genera and 6000-7000 plant species that are distributed throughout the globe. Among the plants of this family there are different life forms: herbs, shrubs, shrubs, lianas and even trees.

The genus madder (lat. Rubia) has about 55 species of herbaceous plants, as well as semi-shrubs and shrubs. For medical purposes, 2 types of plants of this genus are used:

Madder dye (lat. Rubia tinctorum L.);

Georgian madder (lat. Rubia iberica (Fish. ex. DC). C. Koch).

Botanical description

Madder dye is a perennial herbaceous plant with a height of 30 cm to 1.5 meters. The rhizome of the plant is long, horizontal, branched, reddish-brown outside, orange-red inside. Adventitious roots extend from the nodes of the rhizome. Stems are tetrahedral, oppositely branched. On the edges of the stems there are large curved spikes, with the help of which the madder clings to plants located nearby. The leaves of the plant are arranged in whorls of 4-6 pieces. The leaves are lanceolate, shiny, along the edge and along the veins are equipped with clinging spines. The flowers of the plant are small, yellowish-green, at the ends of the branches are collected in umbrella inflorescences. The formula of the madder flower is *CH5L(5)T5P2. The fruit is a black drupe with 1-2 seeds. Madder blooms in June-August. Fruits in August-September.

Spreading

Madder dye grows wild in Dagestan, Azerbaijan and other regions of the Caucasus, in the south of the European part of Russia, in the Crimea, in Central Asia. Madder grows along river floodplains, along irrigation canals, like a weed in gardens, along hedgerows. The plant is not demanding on the soil, introduced into industrial culture.

Distribution regions on the map of Russia.

Procurement of raw materials

For medical purposes, rhizomes and roots of madder are harvested. Medicinal raw materials are harvested in the fall after the death of the aerial part of the plant or in early spring before regrowth begins. The dug out rhizomes and roots are cleared of the ground and quickly washed in cold water. The harvested raw materials are laid out in a thin layer and dried in the open air under sheds, in attics or in dryers at a temperature of 45-50ºС.

Chemical composition

The main biologically active substances madders are anthraquinones and their derivatives (5-6%): ruberitric acid, purpurin, haliosin, purpuroxanthin, ribiadin, alizarin, ibericin. Also, rhizomes and roots of madder contain organic acids (citric, malic, tartaric), iridoids and flavonoids, sugar proteins, pectins.

Citric and other acids, traces of alkaloids were found in the leaves of the plant. Young shoot tips contain the glycoside asperuloside.

Pharmacological properties

Madder dye preparations have antispasmodic, diuretic and lilolytic properties. Rhizomes and roots of madder dye dissolve and contribute to the rapid excretion of phosphates, oxalates and urates from the body. Madder lowers the tone and enhances the peristalsis of the muscles of the renal pelvis and ureters, thereby contributing to the movement of stones and their removal from the kidneys and urinary tract. Madder preparations help shift the pH of urine to the acid side and loosen urinary calculi containing calcium and magnesium phosphates.

Madder dye is most effective in the presence of stones of phosphate and oxalate nature. The mechanism of action is associated with the interaction with salts (calcium phosphate) of biologically active compounds of madder dye. Urine in patients after taking madder preparations turns red and pink due to the content of alizarin and ruberitric acid in it. If the urine turns red-brown, then treatment with madder preparations is stopped.

Madder dye does not have a significant effect on cardiovascular system; causes an increase in tone and increased contractions of the intestine, has a moderate bactericidal effect against the coccal group of microbes.

There are data on the use of madder dye preparations for pyelonephritis, cystitis, gout, cholelithiasis, with spasms of the urinary tract accompanying prostate adenoma and prostatitis.

Madders of dye roots are hepatocarcinogenic due to the presence of lucidin and other anthraquinone derivatives. It is believed that the risks of their use outweigh the benefits. There is evidence that lucidin is a strong carcinogen, as is its metabolite 1-hydroxyanthraquinone. They cause in the experiment the formation of benign and malignant tumors stomach, intestines and liver. Therefore, the rhizomes and roots of madder dye are not used in their pure form.

Application in traditional medicine

Madder dye is widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of urolithiasis and cholelithiasis.

Madder is also used in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, constipation, jaundice, bedwetting, polyarthritis, dropsy, gout.

An infusion of rhizomes is used to treat inflammation of the spleen, and is used for menstrual irregularities. How aid the plant is used in the treatment of bone tuberculosis. Fresh juice is used for rickets and dysmenorrhea. Outwardly, madder is used to lighten age spots, to treat dermatomycosis, ulcers.

To remove a rash on the face, an ointment is prepared from crushed madder rhizomes and fat; for bruises, madder rhizomes mixed with an egg are used.

History reference

In ancient times, the rhizomes and roots of madder were valued by artisans in Rome, Greece, Persia, and Egypt. A permanent red dye was obtained from the roots of the plant. In those days, madder was almost the only plant that was used to dye cotton, wool and silk fabrics.

Later, madder roots were also widely used in the textile industry. In Russia, the "Free Economic Community" has established a gold medal and a cash prize for breeding new varieties of madder, which are distinguished by persistent dyeing properties.

Useful medicinal properties madders have also been known since ancient times. Avicenna believed that madder "purifies the liver and spleen" and prescribed to prepare a drink from the roots of the plant, sweetened with honey water and take it in the treatment sciatic nerve, paralysis, with loss of tissue sensitivity. Also, a drink was prepared from the fruits of madder, vinegar and honey, used with an enlarged spleen.

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Release form

Madder extract It is produced in the form of tablets of 250 mg. The scored tablets may be brown or light brown in color. Inclusions are possible. A blister pack may contain 10 or 20 tablets. 1, 2 or 3 packs are placed in a cardboard pack.

pharmachologic effect

Rubia tinctorum It is a herbal remedy. It has on the body diuretic and antispasmodic impact. Under the influence of the drug, there is a decrease in the tone of smooth muscles, as well as an increase in its peristalsis. As a result, sand from the kidneys is painlessly expelled from the body, as well as small stones, especially those that contain calcium and magnesium phosphates.

Under the influence of the drug, urine is acidified, the severity of the pain syndrome decreases and improves the general condition of the body in people suffering from nephrourolithiasis. In the process of drug therapy, kidney stones are gradually loosened and painted red.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

There is no information on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug.

Indications for use

Madder Dyeing - herb and preparations based on it, are used for the following conditions and diseases:

• nephrourolithiasis kidney (cases when it is not possible to perform surgical intervention);
• therapy before surgery;
• prevention of recurrence after surgery;
• inflammatory phosphaturia ;
• urinary tract infection .

Contraindications

Contraindications for the use of the extract are as follows:

• severe sensitivity to the components of the remedy;

Side effects

Root, madder herb dye and medicines based on them can provoke development. Also, when taking these funds urine patient turns red.

Instructions for use (Method and dosage)

If the patient is assigned Marena Krasilnaya, the instructions for use during the treatment process should be strictly followed. Madder extract taken orally , three times in a day one tablet . For better absorption, it is recommended to dissolve the tablet in half a glass of warm water.

If there is such a need, you can increase the single dose to 2-3 tablets. Course of therapy continues throughout from 20 to 30 days . Only after the approval of the treating specialist is it possible to re-treat. But you can repeat the course of therapy no earlier than after 4-6 weeks.

Overdose

In case of an overdose of Marena Krasilnaya preparations, pain may occur due to the process of calculus discharge.

Interaction

There was no significant interaction with other agents. It is not recommended to drink alcohol during treatment with the extract.

Terms of sale

It is released in pharmacies by prescription.

Storage conditions

Store the product in a dark and dry place, the air temperature should not exceed 15 ° C. It is necessary to keep the product out of the reach of children.

Best before date

The shelf life of the extract is 3 years.

special instructions

It should be borne in mind that the herb and the root of Madder Dye, the use of which is possible both in its natural form and in the form of preparations based on it, stain human urine in a reddish color. If the color of the urine becomes brown-red during treatment, you need to reconsider the dosage of the drug or stop therapy for a while.

A herbaceous perennial from the Rubiaceae family among the people has several names - marina, marzana, krapp (krap), petiolate or Georgian madder. His Latin name(Rubia tinctorum) comes from the words rubber, which translates as "red", and tinctorus - "dye".

Madder root is considered a natural dye, which was used in the textile industry until the end of the 19th century. Today this plant is valued for its healing properties. You will learn about the healing properties and contraindications of the red root from this material.

Outwardly, the plant resembles St. John's wort: small flowers, elongated dense leaves, curling into a ring around the stem, sharp small spikes. The stalk of madder is thin, covered with rough bark. In height, it can reach one and a half meters.

The leaves are wide and dense, covered with sharp bristles along the edge. Madder blooms with small greenish-yellow flowers that resemble St. John's wort inflorescences. A powerful root system consists of the main root and numerous thin roots covered with brown bark.

Spreading

The grass madder is found in Georgia, in the mountains of the Crimea, in Asia, Dagestan, Azerbaijan. The plant takes root in the mountains, forests, meadows. Sometimes found in gardens. The genus madder has more than 55 species, but only two of them have medicinal properties: dyeing and Georgian.

Madder root

This herb was first used in the textile industry. Dyes from the madder root made it possible to dye various natural fabrics - silk, cotton, wool. Now the plant is used in folk and traditional medicine.

Traditional healers use this medicinal herb for the preparation of tinctures, decoctions and powders that alleviate the condition with many serious illnesses. In traditional medicine, the complex drug Cystenal has become widespread. The composition of the drops includes: an extract from the rhizome of madder dye, magnesium salicylate, ethyl alcohol, eucalyptus, anise, fenicle essential oils, olive and castor oil.

This drug is prescribed for spasms and inflammation of the urinary canals, urolithiasis. Take Cystenal five drops half an hour before meals. After conducting the necessary examinations and consulting with a doctor, a specialist can increase the dosage or extend the course of treatment. Taking drops during meals reduces acidity. Treatment continues for a month.

Chemical composition

rich chemical composition due to the medicinal properties of the roots of madder dye. They contain:

• tartaric, citric, malic organic acids;
• flavonoids;
• coumarins;
• vitamin C;
• anthraquinones;
• pectins;
• sugar;
• iridoids;
• B vitamins;
• essential oils containing phenols;
• proteins;
• tannins;
• carbohydrates;
• iron;
• potassium;
• natural dye;
• magnesium.

Medicinal properties

Madder herb has powerful nephrolitic properties. The substances contained in this plant act destructively on kidney stones and contribute to their excretion. Medicines made from the root of the plant relieve pain and spasms, normalize the water-salt balance, loosen phosphates and oxalates.

Traditional healers successfully cleanse the body of toxins and toxins with herbs. Getting into the stomach, madder preparations stimulate the production of gastric juice, have an anti-inflammatory effect, increase the excretion of bile, cleanse the body of toxins and toxins.

In addition, this medicinal plant cleanses the blood, improves immunity and promotes cell renewal. Coumarins, which are part of the herb, destroy malignant cells, preventing the appearance of neoplasms. The juice obtained from the madder root is effective for rickets and abdominal pain. Decoctions and tinctures of madder remove excess salt from the body, helping in the fight against osteochondrosis and joint diseases. When the root is supplemented with other ingredients, wounds and bruises can be cured, skin rashes can be cleansed.

Procurement of raw materials

This work can be done twice a year. The most suitable for this is early spring - from March to early April. You can use another option - to harvest healing raw materials from the beginning of August until the onset of the first cold weather.

The plant is dug out of the ground, the soil is shaken off the roots, the stems are cut and the roots are dried in the shade or in a special drying chamber at a temperature of +45 ° C. Raw materials retain their healing properties for two years.

Use of madder

The healing properties and contraindications of the red root largely depend on the chosen dosage form. It has already been said that traditional healers prepare decoctions, tinctures, herbal teas and infusions from madder. In pharmacies, they offer to buy an extract of madder dye, which can be in the form of drops, powder or tablets.

In different forms, madder grass has different application rules. More often in medicine, not the aerial part of the plant is used, but the root, the use of which differs from the greenery of the plant.

How to take drugs

Madder drops are used to remove calcium oxalates. They cause kidney stones. In accordance with the instructions, 20 drops of the drug are diluted in a glass of water. Take the remedy before meals twice a day for a month.

Tablets from the root of madder dye should be taken in 2-3 pieces, having previously dissolved them in a glass of warm water. Treatment lasts from 20 days to a month, depending on the doctor's recommendations.

Judging by the reviews of people, after treatment with madder dye, if a person neglected contraindications, he may become aggravated chronic diseases. Before starting treatment, it is necessary to consult a specialist and strictly follow the instructions for using the drugs.

Powder for kidney stones

Madder root in urolithiasis dissolves stones, promotes their painless removal, reduces the accumulation of harmful phosphates and salts in the ducts. For cooking medicinal product it is necessary to dilute 1 gram of plant root powder in 100 ml of water. The resulting remedy is taken three times a day before meals.

In the treatment of urolithiasis, a complete medical examination should be performed. Products that contain citric and oxalic acid are excluded from the patient's diet. Must be appointed vitamin complexes.

Treatment of cystitis

Due to the anti-inflammatory and bactericidal properties of madder root, the infusion is used for cystitis. To prepare it, the fresh root of a small plant is poured into a glass of cold purified water, then infused for eight hours. The infused composition is filtered, and the crushed root is poured again with 200 ml of boiling water. Strain the second part of the infusion after a quarter of an hour. Then mix both parts.

Divide the infusion into two servings and drink them throughout the day. This composition relieves inflammation, discomfort and pain.

Decoction for gout

How to brew the root of madder dye to remove salt deposits during padagra, normalize metabolism and improve the condition of the joints? It is necessary to pour one tablespoon of root powder with boiling water (300 ml), put the container on low heat. Bring the composition to a boil and boil for 10 minutes. Cool at room temperature and strain the decoction.

Take 100 ml of decoction three times a day 40 minutes after eating. Already after 10 days of taking the drug, the patient feels a decrease in joint pain, an increase in motor activity.

Infusion for prostatitis

With the help of herbal collection, you can relieve inflammation in the prostate gland. It is necessary to prepare dry madder root, calendula flowers, wild rose, shepherd's purse, wintergreen and angelica in one spoon (tea). Pour boiling water (300 ml) over one tablespoon (tablespoon) of herbal collection and let it brew for two hours. Strain the resulting product and divide into three doses. Healing infusion taken before meals for 10 weeks.

Use in cosmetology

Thanks to its rejuvenating, antiseptic, bleaching and cleansing properties, madder is used in cosmetology. It is a great helper in the fight against inflammation, rashes, acne and treatment. skin diseases. With the help of madder-based products, age spots and freckles can be eliminated.

In addition, the root of the plant can give the skin freshness, rejuvenate it, give elasticity and healthy look. Today you can buy ready-made creams, masks, lotions with the addition of this natural ingredient. If desired, you can also prepare your own skin care products.

To make the skin smooth, silky, tender and elastic, it is recommended to take a bath with a decoction of madder root. To prepare it, it is necessary to boil two tablespoons (tablespoons) of dry root in two liters of water for 15 minutes. The resulting broth is added to the bath. The procedure lasts no more than a quarter of an hour. The decoction can be used for washing, added to various masks. If desired, you can use a pharmacy extract.

Application in veterinary medicine

In our pets, diseases of the internal organs often cause metabolic disorders. Medicines containing madder root in their composition stop the development of pathologies of the urinary system. Stoned in bladder and kidneys, our pets suffer no less than humans. Madder will help to remove them from the body.

Divide a madder-based drug tablet into four parts. Grind one quarter and dissolve in a spoon (table) of water. Draw the resulting product into a syringe without a needle. Give your pet the medicine twice a day before meals. With advanced disease, the dosage is increased. Your pet should be examined by a veterinarian before using this product.

Despite the fact that the root of madder dye has wide range indications, contraindications to the use of drugs based on it are associated with the state of the urinary and digestive systems patient. The use of such drugs is strictly prohibited when:

• kidney failure;
• some kidney diseases;
• acute gastritis.

With caution, madder preparations are taken by nursing mothers and pregnant women. In this case, a doctor's consultation is required!

Also, in accordance with the instructions, madder extract, drops based on it should be taken only after meals, since this plant has a rather strong irritating effect.

Before the start of treatment, the doctor, as a rule, describes the treatment regimen, determines the dosage and duration of treatment. If you neglect the recommendations of specialists, then madder can cause serious side effects in the form of exacerbation of inflammatory processes and allergic reactions.

While taking the drugs, a slight change in the color of urine is allowed, but if it acquires an intense red-brown color, treatment should be stopped immediately or the dosage should be reduced.

Madder dye: reviews of people after treatment

As a rule, patients positively evaluate the treatment of diseases of the genitourinary system with madder. In most cases, drugs do not cause side effects, therefore, doctors are increasingly prescribing madder dye to their patients. Madder-based preparations have proven themselves in the treatment of urolithiasis. For small stones in the kidneys or bladder, they are very effective.

A feature of this natural remedy is its ability to remove not only oxalates, but also urates - the most unpleasant salts that form stones, like corals or deer antlers. It is extremely difficult to dissolve them, but madder helps to do this without surgical intervention, when alternating with other herbs.

Many patients suffering from gout claim that a decoction of madder root has helped them alleviate the condition. As you know, it is impossible to completely cure this insidious disease, but madder decoction works wonders, it relieves swelling and inflammation, eliminates severe pain. True, courses of treatment must be carried out several times a year.

The taste of decoctions, tinctures, infusions cannot be called pleasant. The brewed bright red composition is very bitter, but over time you can get used to it. It is important that madder really helps.