Copybooks for children 4 5 years old printed letters. Circle letters with dots
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The development of good handwriting in students is one of the main tasks of the school when teaching writing.
To accomplish this task, the programs recommend building teaching writing on a systematically selected material that is accessible to the age of students, following a sequence in developing the skills of writing letters that make up words, and through special exercises to eliminate individual deviations and shortcomings that violate the clarity and legibility of the letter.
For handwriting classes, one lesson per six days is allocated from the Russian language lessons. In the first grade in the first half of the year, these classes take place in connection with the ABC lessons 3-4 times a six-day period within up to 10 minutes in the first quarter and up to 15 minutes in the second. In the second half of the first grade and in the second grade, calligraphy classes are held twice a six-day period, for which half a lesson is allocated for each lesson from the lessons of the Russian language *.
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* Elementary School Program, ed. 1935
In the first half of the year, students master the writing of all lowercase letters: they write elements of letters and letters, then words and short sentences.
In the second half of the year, children master the letter of capital letters, practicing mainly in writing names. Capital letters are written in a simple script, like lowercase letters, with the exception of B, E, C, D, R.
In the II class, the work of the I class continues and is consolidated. Students learn to write more rapidly (compared to the first year), clearly and beautifully, on two rulers and study the style of capital letters in a generally accepted font. Individual deviations and shortcomings that violate the legibility of writing are eliminated by setting up special exercises for individual students in the form of rewriting whole words, syllables, letters or their elements.
Teaching writing in ink should begin in illiterate classes at the end of September, and in literate classes from the second week of the children's stay at school. It is necessary to get each student a feather-cleaner made of flannel or cloth pieces of matter.
In order to cultivate the best attitude of the student to the notebook, samples of the best children's work should be exhibited in the classroom in order to stimulate students to correct, beautiful, clear and even handwriting and to the neatness of the notebook.
The proposed recipes give the teacher examples of correct writing, and help the student learn how to write correctly on systematically and expediently selected material. The material for calligraphy is arranged from easy to difficult. Starting with the exercises for the letter K, the material is given in parallel with learning to read and write in the primer. This material provides examples of the correct lettering, the correct combination of letters into words, and the correct organization of the page.
Copybooks serve students in grades I and II, but they can be useful for correcting handwriting and for students in grades III and IV.
For the first grade, the copybooks contain all types of calligraphy work according to the program, ed. 1935
For the second class are given:
a) preliminary exercises with the transition to a smaller font;
b) the inscription of lowercase and uppercase letters, arranged in order of difficulty, as well as words with these letters;
c) a sample lesson on capital letters P and T, revealing the system of work; similarly, other lessons are built on this or that letter;
d) connected text on various ways of connecting letters in words.
If the teacher finds it necessary to increase the number of exercises for each type of work, then he can do this on specially selected exercises, consistent with both calligraphy and spelling tasks.
Each calligraphy lesson is built according to the following plan:
- Setting the goal of today's lesson.
- Preparation for writing notebooks and pens.
- Checking the ability to hold a notebook and a pen; observation of the correct fit.
- Showing by the teacher on the blackboard the words in written type with the analysis of the letters into their constituent elements.
- Analysis of what is written in terms of style: where to start and where to end, how to connect one stroke to another, how to connect one letter to another, etc.
- A letter of one line independently and under the account.
Work accounting. In the course of work or at the end of handwriting classes, the teacher looks through the students' notebooks, indicating the general shortcomings and shortcomings of each student, correcting them by writing a sample on the blackboard or in the students' notebooks.
In the process of teaching writing, the teacher's own writing plays a huge role. Show here- The best way learning. That is why the teacher needs to take care of the technical perfection of writing on the board and in the student's notebook. The teacher's letter should be simple, clear and beautiful, in compliance with the normal forms of letters, without the use of any superfluous or conditional strokes and unnecessary decorations (zigzags, ponytails, flourishes, etc.).
Each teacher, before writing on the board, should be well acquainted with the text and the outline of the letters in the copybook. If the teacher does not do this, there may be a large discrepancy between the lettering in the copybook and in his sample on the board, and then the copybook, as a visual aid, will lose its meaning.
Bogolyubov N.N. Calligraphy technique
Proc. allowance for ped. schools. - 2nd ed., corrected. and additional - Leningrad: Uchpedgiz, 1955
Unique edition. The methodology for teaching beautiful writing is described in great detail. Today, ordinary school copybooks from 1955 appear to be calligraphy. The prescriptions are attached.
Starting the 5th edition of the Course of Calligraphy and Office Shorthand, the publishing house "Krug Samobrazovaniya" left the general plan of the publication unchanged, retaining mainly the simplicity and general accessibility of the presentation. The purpose of the publication is to give everyone the opportunity to learn how to write quickly and beautifully on their own in a short time, which was justified by the success that fell to the lot of the first four editions of the Calligraphy Course.
Beautiful and fluent handwriting is an urgent need of every literate person. It is necessary for teachers, officials, clerks, bank employees, clerks, draftsmen, craftsmen, merchants, etc. - in a word, in very many occupations, widespread. An obscure and ugly handwriting is very often the cause of the material disorder of those persons who have to correspond in the service or in their business.
There is no such ugly handwriting that cannot be corrected and made beautiful. The proposed training system leads to handwriting correction in the most correct and shortest way.
Particular attention is paid to the fact that the student is conscious of the matter, that is, that he understands why each exercise is being done, and that he sees that this exercise is really necessary. With self-study, such a conscious attitude to the matter fully ensures success in the classroom.
The full course of calligraphy and office cursive writing consists of six sections:
1) Preliminary exercises;
2) Calligraphic handwriting;
3) Office cursive;
4) Direct letter;
5) Rondo and Gothic;
6) Elegant fonts: Battard, Frakturny, Fashionable Slavic.
For the convenience of practical exercises, an album of elegantly executed tables is attached to the theoretical part of the course, which contains samples of all letters, numbers and fonts.
The emergence of calligraphy dates back to ancient times.
On the most ancient Egyptian, Babylonian and Assyrian monuments there are inscriptions that show that the art of reproducing written characters was already highly developed in those times far from us. In ancient China, calligraphy reached a high degree of perfection.
The written signs that we use at the present time do not originate from Egyptian and Chinese letters, but most likely from the Phoenician ones. The ancient Greeks, apparently, borrowed their alphabet from the Phoenicians and, having significantly modified it, then passed it on to the ancient Romans. Here it underwent new changes and, together with Christianity, spread almost unchanged throughout Europe. It was only in Germany that medieval monks gave the Latin script an angular and curly shape and developed the so-called Gothic script. The Latin script also had a strong influence on the Russian alphabet, but some of the letters of our alphabet are borrowed from Greek.
Already in ancient Greece, and then in Rome, calligraphy enjoyed great honor and was highly valued. Printing had not yet been invented at that time, and the only way compiling books was writing them on parchment. This method required great skill, since cursive was not yet known at that time, and the only written type was the same type that is now used in printing houses, i.e. in those days they wrote in block letters.
The heyday of calligraphy, however, dates back to the second half of the Middle Ages, when the demand for books began to grow especially rapidly. Fonts of amazing beauty and elegance were created in this era. Not only almost all the so-called curly fonts (rondo, gothic, etc.), but also many of the current typographic fonts were inherited from medieval calligraphers. In recent years, it has been possible to observe a return to medieval fonts in typography.
With the invention of printing, calligraphy lost its former importance and long years stops in its development. Finally, however, calligraphy was never ousted, and in the last decade, interest in it has revived again, and in the development of calligraphy there has come new period heyday even more magnificent than in the Middle Ages.
The scope of calligraphy is currently extremely extensive. The extraordinary development of typography, the unprecedented growth of the newspaper business, the enormous spread of advertising, and finally, the sign and poster business created an extensive demand for a variety of curly type. The number of such fonts is already very large, but every day brings us something new in this area. Thus, supplanted at first by the invention of typographic fonts, calligraphy is now called to a new life by the further development of the same type of typography.
The invention of the printing press revolutionized the book industry and for the first time created the possibility of widespread literacy. Simultaneously with the spread of literacy, there was a need for such written signs, which in their form would be simpler than calligraphic ones and did not require any special art or a lot of time to reproduce. Having learned to read, people also wanted to be able to write, and, moreover, to write easily and quickly. Curly calligraphic fonts were completely unsuitable for this purpose. It was necessary to develop a cursive font that would not be difficult to learn, it was necessary to significantly simplify the old calligraphic fonts. This was done, but not immediately, but gradually.
The ancient cursive is very different from the present cursive. In the old days, people were in no hurry to live and they were in no hurry to write. Therefore, in ancient cursive writing, we find an extraordinary abundance of various curls, decorations and flourishes, which made writing extremely difficult and slowed down. Our business time has completely discarded all these calligraphic tricks and subtleties and developed a simple, economical cursive. The former cursive has turned in our time into the so-called calligraphic (ministerial) font, which stands on the border between really calligraphic (curly) fonts and cursive.
The introduction of universal education in Europe greatly contributed to the simplification of cursive writing. In the past 20 years, teachers have devoted a lot of effort to this issue and not only introduced simplifications into cursive script, but also developed a method of teaching writing that gives the most correct results in the shortest time. Following the teachers, the issue of developing handwriting was taken up by prominent scientists who, from a physiological and psychological point of view, studied the issue of the movements made when writing. Through numerous experiments, the movements of the fingers, hand, forearm, shoulder joint and the whole arm were studied (the study of Jedd, Goldscheider and Kraepelin) and the speed of writing movements in patients and healthy people; time spent on each letter of the alphabet (studies by Gross and Diehl), and the effect of alcohol on writing movements (studies by Meyer). Finally, a number of observations were made on the dependence of the angle of inclination of the letters to the ruler on the length of the fingers and hand, as well as on the angle formed by the notebook with the edge of the table (Marx Lobzen's research).
These experiments and investigations are far from being completed. Among educators, for example, there is no unanimity on issues related to teaching writing: some are in favor of a direct font, others defend italic. Finally, there are serious researchers who propose some modifications to the modern cursive type (eg, transfer of pressure, change in the shape of the rounding). Among these teachers, we note Georg Lang, who wrote a large study on modern cursive writing. In general, the work of teachers over the past 20 years has eliminated many prejudices and errors from teaching writing and opened up new ways of teaching writing.
In compiling this "Course of Calligraphy and Cursive Office Writing" we were guided by the desire to combine into a single whole all the more or less firmly established conclusions of modern scientific pedagogy.
When writing, a whole series of movements is made - with fingers, a hand with a forearm and with the whole hand. The main requirement that any system of teaching writing must satisfy, therefore, is that it accustom the student to free and firm writing movements, that is, to such movements that, with the least effort or muscle tension, give the greatest result. Free and confident movements are the basis of calligraphy and cursive writing. Handwriting cannot be free and beautiful if it does not rely on free movement. That's why the development of free writing movements should be the main goal of any system of teaching writing.
From this point of view, the dispute about direct and oblique writing is of secondary importance. Neither straight nor oblique handwriting is contrary to the freedom of writing movements. It is even difficult to say in which handwriting there is more freedom of movement. Therefore, both direct and oblique writing are equally suitable. It is impossible to say the same about handwriting slanted to the left (and not to the right, as usual). Such an inclination in the most decisive way contradicts the freedom of writing movements, since letters inclined to the left can be written only by unnaturally arching right hand and placing the pen not along the paper, as usual, but across. Therefore, such a labored handwriting produces an extremely unpleasant, repulsive impression.
We will have occasion to return to the question of direct and oblique writing in the section devoted to direct writing, and there we will develop our views more fully.
In order to learn how to write, you need to learn free writing movements.
The teaching of writing is, or rather should be, the teaching of free writing movements.
This is the basis of our system.
That is why it devotes such a prominent place to a whole series of exercises, the purpose of which is to develop the freedom of writing movements. The student must approach these exercises with full consciousness, understand their purpose, and ponder over the system itself. He must firmly, clearly and unswervingly remember that without the freedom of writer's movements he will never be able to achieve free and correct handwriting. And this freedom can only be achieved by strictly following the exercises we have proposed. That is why we analyze each exercise in the most detailed way and strive to ensure that, when starting it, the student understands quite clearly for what purpose this exercise is given and what movements it develops.
Our course is designed not only for those who do not yet know how to write and are just beginning to learn, but equally for those who have already learned to write, but have a bad, spoiled handwriting and want to correct it. And for those and for others, our exercises are equally important: the cause of bad handwriting is always unfree, incorrect, connected or unbalanced movements. Our exercises make it possible to unlearn such incorrect and unfree movements.
It is also important for students to remember that without working, nothing can be achieved. It is impossible to acquire a beautiful, fluent handwriting by some miracle: for this you need to work. And to work means to carefully perform all the exercises and not rush forward. Throughout the course, we will constantly repeat: do not rush forward, otherwise you will have to go back. Remember that especially in calligraphy and cursive writing, you need to adhere to the golden rule: you go slower, you will get further. Go further only when you firmly grasp the old: the less you rush forward, the sooner and more successfully you will get to the end.
We found it necessary not only to provide sample exercises in our course, but also to separate them into a special album. When reading a course, constantly looking at the album would be burdensome. Therefore, we have included samples of our exercises in the text. On the other hand, it would also be inconvenient to use the samples placed in the text when writing exercises: the book is easily fluttered, and it is inconvenient to put it on the table. Much more convenient in this case is a table, which is convenient to put against you on the table and on which there is nothing but the exercises necessary at the moment.
Copybooks of the old sample in Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian languages (narrow ruler, for each letter).
But enough preface! This page contains prescriptions for the Russian language for the "first class", which I made in full accordance with my ideas about what they should be.
First, I returned to a frequent oblique ruler, which made life so easy for first-graders at the time of my childhood.
Second, the letter pattern is repeated several times per line. Each sample is followed by a space where the child enters his letter. This is necessary so that the sample is always in the child’s field of vision, and not his own clumsy letter, written a minute earlier.
Thirdly, the space allotted to the child for training is not limited in any way. Even if he did not have enough sheet to learn how to write any letter, exactly the same sheet can always be printed again. This means that it becomes possible to formulate a task for the child in such a way that it will not make any sense to work carelessly and hastily. Not “write so many lines”, but “write so many beautiful letters”.
However, I do not want to bore the reader with lengthy comments and guidelines. The prescriptions themselves will tell about themselves more eloquently than me.
Downloads:
- Clean sheet with a ruler;
- Sample page (for quick reference);
- Samples of writing letters (alphabet);
- Copybooks (sticks, hooks and Russian letters, 73 pages);
- Ukrainian and Belarusian letters ґ, є, і, ї, ў, Ґ, Є, І.
Every day I wish the author health when I am writing with my daughter, a first-grader! Tears, tantrums and hassle are over! Now it’s not a problem to start studying, the child succeeds and this adds enthusiasm. When we work out the letter in these recipes, at school we already write everything correctly and beautifully. (It’s unrealistic to learn how to write according to the Harmony program). Now I recommend it to all my friends.Thanks a lot for your site! I found what I was looking for for a long time - my native children's copybooks, which allowed me to have good handwriting. I can’t calmly see my daughter’s handwriting, she is in the 5th grade. An integral system of teaching children, which has been honed for decades, has been destroyed, freak programs have been created instead, and this, unfortunately, concerns not only calligraphy.
Tell me, please, how much do you recommend printing each sheet? Is one copy enough? I mean that some letters (elements) do not turn out very well, should I move on to others or should I practice writing a letter until a satisfactory result is obtained?
It is necessary to train to write each element, each letter until it turns out more or less decently (although perfectionism is also useless). These recipes, in my opinion, are good because any page can be printed any number of times - as many as needed. In my experience, the most copies are required for the very first pages - with sticks and hooks. Another interesting observation: even if a child has learned how to draw a “basic” hook perfectly, this does not mean at all that he will immediately start to get the letter “and”, which consists of two such identical hooks, right away.
You recommend a special pen for copybooks (we found and bought it) and laminated paper, but we cannot find it on sale. Tell me, please, some of the most common brand of such paper, perhaps I misunderstood something ...
Leonid Nekin
I am not recommending anything, but I am talking about my own preferences, which may be different for you - taking into account your specific situation, about which I know nothing. I once mentioned that I like the Stabilo point 88 capillary pen. As for paper, I use regular paper for inkjet and laser printers with a density of 80 grams per square meter, printing copybook files on it. For toddlers who are just starting to learn to write, the capillary pen may blur a little on this paper, because babies draw letters very slowly and often press with all their might. In my opinion, this is not a disadvantage of such paper. On the contrary, the child has additional feedback, thanks to which he quickly learns to write correctly - so that the capillary ink does not blur. I have never tried laminated paper - I think that it is not needed, although, probably, the ink will not blur on it even for a small child.
But the question arose about writing a small letter g. Is it really written that way? It always seemed to me that it simply fits into one inclined cell, while yours fits into two.
Leonid Nekin
Maybe you are right about one cell. But according to the idea that underlies the copybooks, the letter "g" is not just the letter "g", but also the basic element that occurs in the writing of the letters "p", "r" and "t" and itself, in its own turn, based on the hook letter "i".
Funny discovery! On the screen, there are just gaps for writing letters, and on the printout of the page there are thin contour letters for their subsequent outline. Very nice and helpful, thank you for your concern!!Leonid. Thank you very much for your site, I hope that your copybooks will help me a lot to correct the handwriting. I printed out a blank sheet and tried to write the alphabet, it's just super, never such beautiful letters turned out, just in a line in notebooks (as they sell now), in such a line, everything is simple and clear, how to write a pen. I read your article about pens, bought myself according to your recommendations, now I will try. It may seem strange that I am an adult girl, I write copybooks, but I need to correct my handwriting very urgently. As a child, they didn’t put it on me, I still suffer. I am a specialist with a red diploma, I have read more than one scientific article about handwriting in primary school. But your recipes made the biggest contribution. Thanks a lot!
I could not figure out how to make a notebook out of your copybooks.
In particular, if we consider the full copybook (where there are 73 sheets), each sheet is divided by a red line, as I understand it, this is the fold line, and bending along it does not work to make a normal notebook. Also, if you just flash all the sheets on the left side, then the red line in the center does not look very good. Maybe you have an option where the right and left parts are separated into separate sheets, or a file without a red stripe in the center.
Leonid Nekin
I did not at all imagine that a notebook would be made from these sheets. For starters, there is no surer way to frighten a child than to show him the entire amount of work ahead at once. Further, it is not at all certain that the child will need exactly one copy of each sheet. In my experience, in order to learn to write more or less decently with the very first sticks and hooks, several sheets are required. And in general, the whole point of these copybooks is that the sheets are printed as needed. Finally, it is simply more convenient to write on one piece of paper than in a thick notebook (out of 73 sheets). The red line in the middle is drawn so that the lines do not seem too long, and not to bend along it. Although, perhaps, it can be bent, but not in the direction to make a notebook, but in the other - to make, as it were, one small double-sided sheet.
All 4 files do not print correctly.
Leonid Nekin
Then the problem seems to be in your printer (perhaps an error in the program that serves it). You can try before printing, go to the "printer properties" from the print window and change something there, for example, change the print quality to the best possible (maybe now you have the "Draft" option selected?) . In the "advanced properties" (accessible from the Adobe Reader print window), you can try to select "print as picture". If it's a programming error, even a small change in scale (eg 99% or 101%) can help. As an experiment, you can also try changing the paper orientation from portrait to landscape.
If all this fails, the radical remedy is to convert the PDF file to some bitmap format, such as TIFF or BMP (but not JPG, as this format "loses" quality).
Elena
Canon printer. I have already experimented with the print quality in the printer properties - there is little sense. I was helped by changing the scale and changing the orientation of the paper to landscape, as you suggested to me. (I wouldn't have guessed it myself.) I changed two settings at once (quite possibly, it would be enough to configure something one). The print quality is very satisfied. THANK YOU!!!everything is fine on the screen, but there are no oblique lines when printing. Printed on a laser printer.
The problem turned out to be color. With color printing, everything is fine (!), With black-and-white printing, oblique lines are practically invisible (barely noticeable).In ready-made "Recipes for Beginners" background lines are printed very poorly - both oblique and horizontal.
(No "toner saving" and exhibited " best quality print").
Leonid Nekin
Judging by what you mentioned about the toner, we are talking about a black and white laser printer. He passes the blue line in gray, more precisely, individual black dots on a white background. Not too many such points fall into the thickness of the line, which is why the line is visible very poorly. So far this is what came to my mind. Any (especially black and white) printer should have somewhere in the settings the ability to display any color (including cyan) as pure black. If this opportunity is used, then the problem will be solved.
Learning with a child to write block letters in dots. The letters are already written with a dotted line, you need to carefully circle them
Before learning to write in real cursive capital letters, they need to learn how to "print", that is, write in block letters. There are practically no such "copybooks" anywhere, and it is very necessary to teach a child to write block letters.
Print these cards, you can have several copies at once, let the kid train to trace the letters until he gets neat, even lines.
All letters are written with dots, the kid just needs to circle them with a pencil, thanks to such exercises the kid will memorize the letters, as well as learn how to write them correctly
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Recipe- a wonderful notion of adults to develop writing skills in children. You can use prescriptions from a very early age, starting from 3 years.
Now you can find a huge number of prescriptions. The main thing is to choose prescriptions for the child, corresponding to his age. On this page you can download and print copybooks for children 3-4 years old, 5-6 years old (preschoolers) and first graders for free.
You should not start classes immediately with numbers, letters and words - it is very difficult. Toddlers aged 3-4 years old will be interested in prescriptions with exciting tasks for attentiveness, accuracy and coordination of movements.
These are recipes with fairly simple shapes, lines, various curls. Let the kid first practice his hand, circling the fragments of pictures, funny hooks and sticks.
The kid must learn to draw various curly and continuous lines evenly and beautifully, try not to tear the pencil from the paper. It is not so easy.
Download recipes for kids
I. Popov's recipes are perfect for kids for the very first lessons. Sticks and hooks are built into the copybook drawings. First, you can color the drawing, and then move on to "lowercase writing."
Download recipes for boys
Funny recipes for children 5-6 years old
For children 5-6 years old, take prescriptions with more difficult tasks. Using these recipes, your child will learn to carefully draw dotted lines, master the first skills of writing and drawing, and gain dexterity when working with a pen and pencil.
Download recipes for children 5-6 years old
Download fun recipes for preschoolers
Recipes for a preschooler will prepare the child for writing, introduce him to the configuration of the letters of the Russian alphabet, and teach him to write letters in cursive. Use the spelling data, and your child will quickly remember the name and spelling of letters.
Download copybook - alphabet for preschoolers
Mathematics recipes with numbers and tasks will help the child learn how to write numbers correctly and get acquainted with the score in advance. By clicking on the link, you can download several types of math worksheets quickly and for free
Download copybooks with numbers
Recipes for schoolchildren
To develop a beautiful handwriting, the child will need a lot of time. But now at school very little attention is paid to the correct and calligraphic writing of letters and numbers. Therefore, you can print out the alphabet for schoolchildren and study additionally. These recipes - without pictures, are aimed at more serious work on teaching writing. In addition to the letters themselves, there are also individual elements of letters in the writing.
Download copybooks for schoolchildren "Alphabet in words"
