The role of pantothenic acid in the body

Functions of pantothenic acid in the body:

• Participates in the production of glucocorticoids by the adrenal glands, they protect the body from overload, improve immunity, and reduce inflammation.
• It takes part in the synthesis of neurotransmitters - thanks to these substances, it is possible to transfer information from neurons to the brain. By the way, neurotransmitters are also responsible for taste and smell sensations. The lack of pantothenic acid leads to a deterioration in the functions of the olfactory system, depression, forgetfulness.
• Vitamin B5 is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids and antibodies. It helps protect the brain from the consequences of bad habits - alcohol and smoking.
• Improves cell regeneration and growth, reduces the side effects of drugs.
• Normalizes lipid metabolism and water balance in the body.
• Strengthens nails and hair, improves the condition of the skin. By the way, early gray hair can also be a sign of B5 deficiency, since this vitamin promotes the synthesis of pigment in the hair.
• Fights aging, prevents premature appearance of wrinkles.
• Prevents the development of obesity, regulates the formation of fat cells.
• Prevents the development of anemia.
• Regulates bowel function.
• Helps fight diseases of the cardiovascular system.
• Helps the body absorb other vitamins and nutrients.

Daily intake of vitamin B5

Daily requirement for pantothenic acid

• Treatment of infectious diseases.
• Stress.
• Diseases gastrointestinal tract(GIT) and cardiovascular system.
• Hard physical work.
• Athletes and bodybuilders.
• Pregnant and lactating women.

Vitamin deficiency and excess

Manifestations of pantothenic acid deficiency:

• Disorders nervous system: sleep disturbance, depression, apathy, emotional overstrain.
• Frequent muscle aches and headaches. Often athletes complain of burning sensation in the feet and toes - metabolic processes are disturbed, lactic acid is excreted faster.
• Increased fatigue - the body does not have time to synthesize energy, efficiency decreases.
• The condition of the skin worsens (rashes appear, dark spots, the skin peels off). Hair becomes brittle, grows poorly, seborrhea, dermatitis, eczema appears.
• Deterioration of appetite, the appearance of nausea, food is absorbed worse.
• Hormonal imbalance. Growth often slows down in adolescents, a sharp weight loss is diagnosed.
• Violation of the functions of the excretory system.
• Immunity is weakened, people often suffer from respiratory diseases.
• Since less glucocorticoids are synthesized, diseases of the heart and blood vessels can progress.
• Violation of vision.

Causes of vitamin B5 deficiency:

• Unbalanced nutrition.
• A long course of antibiotics, sulfonamides - some drugs impair the body's absorption of pantothenic acid.
• Low-protein and low-fat diet - fats and proteins facilitate the absorption of vitamins.
• Diseases of the digestive system.

Since vitamin B5 is synthesized by the body and is found in many foods, a deficiency is rarely diagnosed. Hypervitaminosis is also not dangerous for humans, since pantothenic acid does not accumulate in the body. In rare cases, when administered large dosage calcium pantothenate is diagnosed with nausea, tachycardia, insomnia.

main sources

Plant Sources:

• Fruits and berries: banana, orange, tangerine, figs, strawberries, grapefruit. As well as raspberries, cranberries, apples, pineapple, etc.
• Vegetables: radishes, carrots, lettuce, onions, broccoli, cauliflower. As well as pumpkin, white cabbage, etc.
• Nuts (cashews, hazelnuts, peanuts).
• Uncrushed cereals, bran.
• Whole grain bread, legumes.
• Yeast.
• Mushrooms.

Animal sources:

• Poultry, beef, pork.
• Liver, kidneys.
• Sea fish and seafood.
• Dairy products.
• Egg yolk.
• Royal bee milk.

Product	The content of vitamin B5 in 100 g
Peas green	15 mg
Soya	6.5 mg
Veal	6.3 mg
Pork kidneys	6 mg
cod roe	3.5 mg
Royal jelly	3.4-25 mg
cod roe	3.4 mg
Apples	3.4 mg
Rice bran	3 mg
Champignons	2.5 mg
Buckwheat	2.4 mg
Peanut	1.7 mg
Avocado	1.4 mg
germinated wheat	1.2 mg
pistachios	1 mg
Pumpkin	0.7 mg

Important! Some foods (carbonated drinks, sweets, chips, canned food) impair the absorption of vitamin B5

Pantothenic acid is destroyed during cooking and freezing, so canned vegetables are useless. If possible, eat fruits and vegetables raw, other products subjected to gentle heat treatment. Eat right, because in order for the vitamin to be synthesized by the body, there must be a healthy microflora in the intestines.

Indications and contraindications for use

Indications for use:

• Pulmonary pathologies (ARI, pneumonia, bronchitis, tuberculosis).
• Diseases of the nervous system.
• Non-infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastritis, ulcer, dyskinesia).
• Bronchial asthma.
• Circulatory disorders.
• Toxicosis and threat in pregnant women.
• Allergic diseases.
• Diseases of the skin and hair (seborrhea, eczema, acne and etc.).
• With the abuse of nicotine or alcohol.
• Gluten pathologies.
• Psycho-emotional overload.
• inflammatory processes.

Contraindications may in some cases be considered pregnancy and lactation, kidney disease in the acute stage, hypersensitivity to calcium pantothenate, age up to 3 years.

Vitamin B5 is part of most vitamin and mineral supplements: Vitrum, Supradin, Multivit, Multitabs, Duovit, Alfavit Cosmetic, etc. Preparations with calcium pantothenate are available in the following varieties:

• Tablets and capsules.
• Ampoules for injections.
• Sprays, creams and ointments for external use.

Dexpanthenol sprays are used to treat skin lesions. Pantothenic acid penetrates well into the bloodstream and deep layers of the dermis, accelerates healing, reduces inflammation, and reduces itching. Suitable for the treatment of eczema, burns, scratches, ulcers, bedsores and other defects. The most common drugs include: Bepanten, Panteksol, Pantevenol, Panthenol, Pantestin.

Calcium pantothenate is used for injection and oral administration. It has low toxicity, the daily dose for adults is up to 0.8 g, for children - 0.1-0.3 mg. It is produced in ampoules of 2 ml and tablets of 0.1 g. Pantogam is also popular, it is available in tablets of 0.25 and 0.5 g. Calcium Pangamat is a vitamin supplement, used as a complex therapy.

Interactions with other nutrients

Interaction of vitamin B5 with other elements:

• Calcium pantothenate is best absorbed with ascorbic acid and thiamine.
• Some antibiotics can reduce the body's absorption of vitamin B5.
• Enhances the properties of cardiac drugs.
• May reduce the effectiveness of anti-TB drugs.
• Promotes absorption folic acid, choline , potassium .
• The vitamin is washed out of the body by carbonated drinks, caffeine, alcohol, barbiturates.
• Pantothenic acid is not combined with copper - its pharmacological properties are weakened.
• Incompatible with some oral contraceptives, proteolytic drugs.
• Diuretics (diuretics) intensively wash out vitamin B5 from the body.
• Enhances the effect of drugs aimed at the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Combines well with manganese and iron.

Expert advice. The dosage and schedule for taking calcium pantothenate should be determined by the doctor. At the same time, you need to balance the diet and give up bad habits.

Instructions for use

Pantothenic acid is administered orally, intramuscularly or intravenously. Droppers and injections are often done 2 times a day (morning and evening). There may be slight pain during insertion.

In tablets, the drug is prescribed at a dosage of 0.1-0.2 g 2-4 times a day, for children 0.005-0.2 g, depending on age. The drug should be taken half an hour before a meal or 1.5 hours after a meal with water.

Sprays, ointments, gels and other topical products are applied topically 4-6 times a day.

Vitamin B5 in cosmetology

To date, 25 B vitamins are known, and each has its own role. Vitamin B5 is actively used by cosmetologists. The intake of a large amount of pantothenic acid is recommended for the correction of rashes and the normalization of lipid metabolism. This vitamin is included in skin care creams, face and hair masks, and strengthening oils.

The action of vitamin B5:

• Promotes the regeneration and strengthening of the nail plate, restores damaged cuticles.
• Maintains skin tone, prevents the appearance of early wrinkles.
• Protects hair from fading, the appearance of gray hair, dandruff, seborrhea.
• Normalizes hair pigmentation.
• It contributes to the normalization of weight, participates in the processes of muscle recovery - that's why athletes and bodybuilders love vitamin B5 so much.

Important! Cosmetics most often include a derivative form of the vitamin panthenol - it is more stable and does not break down under the influence of external factors

A couple of recipes for masks with vitamin B5

1. Kefir-honey. Ingredients: 1 vial of B5, 1 tablespoon of honey, 2 tablespoons of kefir, 15 drops of lemon juice. Kefir needs to be heated to 40 degrees, add lemon juice and honey, turn it off and then add pantothenic acid. Apply with a brush on the face and leave for 15-20 minutes. Rinse thoroughly with warm water, repeat after 3-4 days.
2. Clay and brewer's yeast. Brewer's yeast is a powerful source of vitamin B5, so it's time to prepare a nourishing mask. Ingredients: 1 tsp yeast, 1 tbsp. l. cosmetic clay, 2 tsp water. Mix all the ingredients together, you should get a mixture in consistency like thick sour cream. Apply to the skin for 20 minutes and hold for half an hour. Repeat once or twice a week.

Vitamins of group B are not without reason called vitamins of beauty and youth. They are actively used in cosmetology. The most popular vitamins and their use - watch a useful video:

Unlike others, pantothenic acid - vitamin B5 - is not known to everyone, although it cannot be called rare: its source is the products of the daily diet that are familiar to us. Many biochemical processes in our body would not be possible without pantothenic acid. Therefore, it is important to know why the body needs vitamin B5, the consumption rate and sources of this substance.

Description and general characteristics

Vitamin B5 belongs to the water-soluble vitamins of the B group. The substance was discovered in 1933 by Roger Williams, and the vitamin got its name from the Greek word "pantoten", which means "everywhere" in translation, because this substance is found in many products of plant and animal origin.

After 6 years, the researchers managed to obtain vitamin B5 in its pure form from the liver of mammals, and a year later, its artificial synthesis was carried out with the formation of a calcium salt.

In its pure form, B5 is a viscous, yellow oily substance, it dissolves well in vinegar and fats, and is poorly soluble in alcohol. In medicine, pantothenate is used - the substance crystallizes well, turning into a white bitter powder that has no smell.

Important!Vitamin B5 is destroyed by acid (food preservatives) and high temperatures. Therefore, in boiled, canned, stewed, fried, smoked foods, half of the initial amount is not preserved! When frozen, the vitamin will be destroyed by a third.

Main functions and benefits for the body

Vitamin B5 in bound form is found in all living tissues, with its participation, the synthesis of many enzymes occurs. However, the key task of pantothenic acid is to produce energy at the cellular level.

B5 is also part of various coenzymes (that is, catalysts) that start all biochemical reactions in our body.

Functions of pantothenic acid:

• regulation of protein, fat, carbohydrate metabolism;
• regulation of the metabolism of fatty acids, hemoglobin, amino acids;
• participation in the development;
• start of recovery processes in the body;
• synthesis of adrenal hormones and, as a result, an anti-inflammatory effect;
• inhibition of the synthesis of low-density lipoproteins (the so-called "bad cholesterol");
• normalization of high blood pressure;
• neutralization and removal from the body of harmful and toxic compounds, drugs, poisons;
• destruction of body fat;
• participation in the formation and regeneration of cells, cell membranes;
• participation in the production of antibodies;
• antihistamine action;
• regulation of pigmentation and hairline;
• relief of severity;
• maintaining skin elasticity and preventing development.

Pantothenic acid is the only one that is absorbed when applied to and does not cause unwanted reactions, which is why it is added to many medicinal and cosmetic products for the skin.

One such remedy is Panthenol.

Vitamin Sources

To get a sufficient amount of a useful substance, you need to know which foods contain vitamin B5.

Fortunately, pantothenic acid is found in numerous products of both plant and animal origin, therefore a person consumes a sufficient amount of it if he adheres to the correct balanced diet.

In a small amount, B5 is produced by our intestinal microflora.

vegetable

Among herbal products The “leaders” in terms of the content of pantothenic acid include the following:

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Animals

You can suspect hypovitaminosis by the following signs:

1. Constant feeling, muscle weakness.
2. Violation of the psycho-emotional state. First, it occurs, as a result of which the work of the central nervous system is disrupted. With an increase in B5 deficiency, this state threatens with extreme overstrain, up to.
3. , . Appear due to imbalance of lactic acid.
4. The condition of nails worsens up to dermatological diseases.
5. Disorders of work: nausea, absence, indigestion, problems with stool, inflammatory processes in the stomach.
6. Painful, burning sensations in the legs, redness of the feet.
7. Hormonal imbalance.
8. Violations in the work of the main organs: liver, kidneys, heart.
9. In advanced cases, severe malnutrition, cessation of growth in children, significant weight loss, and blindness can occur.

Important!The absorption of vitamin B5 is sharply reduced while taking alcohol, carbonated drinks, canned foods, certain drugs and antibiotics, as well as contraceptives, which often causes secondary hypovitaminosis.

Since pantothenic acid is present in almost all diets, its deficiency rarely develops. But even if you eat well, a lack of B5 can occur due to medication, diseases (for example, malabsorption syndrome).

Overdose

An overdose of B5 does not pose any danger to humans and only in rare cases can cause unpleasant symptoms:

• sleep disorders;
• increased excitability;
• headache;
• nausea;
• increased heart rate.

Even with a single injection of 0.5 g of calcium pantothenate, no negative consequences will occur for the body.

Interaction with other substances

It is extremely important to know how B5 interacts with other chemicals when formulating a treatment regimen. After all, some substances can enhance the effect of pantothenic acid, while others can reduce or completely cancel it.

So, the following substances have a negative effect on B5:

• diuretics quickly remove pantothenic acid from the body;
• copper reduces the active effect of B5, and stops its absorption;
• when taking COCs, vitamin B5 is destroyed;
• intake of protease (substances that destroy protein) also destroys B5;
• alcoholic drinks, sedatives, caffeinated drinks reduce the concentration of B5 in the body by 50%;
• the joint intake of vitamins B9 and B1 worsen the effect of pantothenic acid;
• antibiotics disrupt the production of B5 in the intestine.

However, the joint intake of B5 and certain drugs has an intensifying effect on both substances:

• ascorbic acid and thiamine contribute to the complete absorption of the vitamin;
• B5 is able to reduce the side effects of drugs for tuberculosis;
• with a sufficient level of pantothenic acid, full assimilation occurs, B9 and B4, in addition, the substances enhance each other's action;
• B5 enhances the effect of drugs for intestinal motility.

Did you know?During the Second World War, the nutrition of soldiers and prisoners of war was so poor that they developed brain disorders, partial blindness, and “burning feet” syndrome. To improve the condition, patients were given from 30 to 50 mg of B vitamins.

Dosage forms of vitamin B5

B5 can be prescribed in a dosage much higher than the daily allowance in the complex therapy of certain diseases.

Available in two forms:

1. In medicine, vitamin B5 under the name "Calcium Pantothenate" can be produced in ampoules for parenteral administration, compresses, spraying in case of illness respiratory tract. Other names for this drug: Calcipan, Pantoten, Pantotaxin.
2. Vitamin B5 in tablets can be produced as a mono-substance, and as part of vitamin complexes. Most Popular vitamin preparations: "Vitrum Beauty" (the amount of B5 is 10 mg per 1 tablet), "Supradin" (11.6 mg per 1 tablet), "Elevit Pronatal" (10 mg per 1 tablet).

The main indications for the appointment of B5 in medicine are such pathologies and conditions:

• any form of neuralgia;
• diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract;
• skin diseases, including acne;
• reactions;
• during pregnancy;
• mental disorders and;
• alcohol and drug addiction;
• visual impairment.

When taking vitamin B5 tablets in rare cases, digestive disorders may occur, and when administered parenterally, soreness at the injection site.

Possible harm and contraindications

During the appointment of drugs with pantothenic acid was not observed side effects- the drug is absolutely safe and non-toxic. With a single dose of an extremely high dose, overdose symptoms are possible that do not require special treatment.

So, we found out the features of vitamin B5, found out what it is and why pantothenic acid is so important for the normal functioning of our body. Many people consume B5 daily with regular food and do not even realize it.

However, if you are experiencing several of the listed symptoms of a B5 deficiency, you can always get tested and consult with your doctor regarding the additional intake of pantothenic acid.

Pantothenic acid is a vitamin B5 that is involved in the metabolism of fats, proteins and carbohydrates. For normal human life, the required amount of this substance affects the metabolism of the whole organism, and a deficiency causes hypovitaminosis. Vitamin B5 - structural component A, (CoA), without which metabolic processes are impossible.

For the first time they started talking about it in the 40s of the last century, when R. Williams discovered a substance that in 1940 was called vitamin B5. The scientist got it from liver tissue. He found that it cures skin diseases, promotes absorption.

Provitamin B5 is a yellowish liquid. She is sticky. Melts at 80 degrees Celsius. Soluble in acidic and aqueous environments. It binds heavily with organic solvents, ether alcohol and amyl alcohol. Shows instability to temperature increase. At low temperatures, it loses its useful qualities, as well as when it enters an acidic and alkaline environment. Dosage form- calcium pantothenate. B5 enters the intestines with food, then into the blood and is converted into phosphopanthothein and coenzyme coenzyme-A. For the body, pantothenic acid benefits and does not cause harm. The biological role of vitamin B5 is huge:

1. Vitamin B5 reduces inflammation of the internal organs. Protects against physical overload, supports the immune system.
2. Participates in the transmission of information through the production of neurotransmitters in the cerebral cortex, which are responsible for taste and smell. Their deficiency affects these functions, causing memory impairment.
3. Participates in the synthesis of fats and antibodies. Protects the brain from the effects of bad habits: smoking and alcohol.
4. Taking pantothenic acid reduces the harmful effects of medications.
5. Participates in the normalization of lipid and water balances.
6. Promotes the formation of pigment in the hair, strengthens the nail plate, promotes hair growth, improves the epidermis.
7. B5 is a beauty vitamin, as it fights premature wrinkles.
8. Calcium pantothenate enhances metabolism, prevents the appearance of excess weight.
9. Regulates the work of the gastrointestinal tract,
10. Prevents anemia.
11. Helps support the heart and blood vessels.
12. Participates in the synthesis of vitamins and nutrients.

Food Sources of Vitamin B5

Vitamin B5 is found in what foods? Where is the largest amount of vitamin B5? It is synthesized by microorganisms, fungi and plants. They are not produced in animal tissues, but they do produce coenzyme-A. Most pantothenic acid is found in plant products and by-products, which are presented in the table of popular foods.

Product name	The amount of vitamin B5 in mg per 100 grams of product
Peas	15
Yeast	11
Soya	6.8
meat beef	6.4
pork liver	5.8
Beef liver	4,5-9,0
cod fish caviar	3.6
Milk bees	3,6-26,5
Apples	3.5
Pork kidneys	3
Bran from rice	3
Chicken egg yolk	2,7-7
white mushrooms	2.7
Buckwheat	2.6
Powdered milk	2.7
Beef kidneys	2,5-4
oats	2.5
Rice	2
beef heart	2,0-6,0
wheat bread	1.8
Champignons	1,7-2,5
nuts peanuts	1.7
Cod fish	1.6
cocoa powder	1.5
Avocado	1.4
Asparagus	1.4
Mackerel caviar	1.3
Beans	1.2
Rye grains	1.2
grains of wheat	1.2
cashew nuts	1.2
pistachio nuts	1
Barley grains	1
Flax seed	0.99
Cauliflower	0.98
Herring	0.94
Rye bread	0.9
Dates	0.78
salmon fish	0.66
Garlic	0.6
Kefir	0.6
Chicken's meat	0.6
Cottage cheese	0.6
Broccoli	0.6
Corn	0.6
Meat of lamb, beef, veal	0,5-1,5
Pumpkin	0.5
Ham	0.5
Hard cheese	0.5
Dried apricots	0.52
figs	0.4
Yogurt	0.4
Potato	0,32-0,65
Carrot	0.3
Wheat flour	0.3
Milk	0.3
Grapefruit	0.3
eggplant	0.3
Bulgarian pepper	0.3
Lemon	0.3
Cranberry	0.3
strawberries	0.26
Banana	0.25
Orange	0.25
sardines	0.21
A pineapple	0.2
Kiwi	0.2
Beet	0.2
Watermelon	0.2
Spinach	0.2
Halibut	0.15
Onion	0.13
Tomatoes	0,1-0,37
Strawberry	0.1
Raspberry	0.1
Mustard	0.1
Raisin	0.1
Plum	0.1

The largest amount of vitamin b5 is found in green peas and yeast. The industry produces foods and drinks that reduce the level of beneficial bacteria and adversely affect the functioning of the digestive tract. Pantothenic acid is destroyed by high temperatures. It loses half of its properties in pickled products, when frozen, the amount decreases by 1/3. Vegetables and fruits are more useful to eat fresh, they contain more vitamin B5 than after heat treatment. The daily requirement is small, and the sources of the vitamin are represented by plant and animal foods.

Daily requirement for a vitamin B 5

In order for the body not to experience a deficiency in vitamin B5, the norm per day should be:

• babies up to six months - 2 mg;
• up to 3 years - 4;
• up to 8 years - 5;
• up to 13 years - 7;
• boys from 14 years old - 9-10;
• girls from 14 years old - 8-9;
• men - 13-15;
• women - 11-13.

For pregnant women, the daily requirement is 15-20 mg and plant sources should compensate for this amount. Useful vitamin during depression, stress, physical and mental stress, athletes, women during lactation.

Preparations with pantothenic acid

People who eat properly do not require acid replenishment. Vitamin deficiency is observed in people who are on a diet, in pregnant women and in athletes. During the period serious illnesses additional replenishment B5 is required. In this case, vitamins with pantothenic acid are used. The most popular drug is calcium soda (Ca pantetonate).

Vitamin is produced in ampoules and capsules. There are analogues: pantegam, pantothenate, etc. They drink them after meals. It is necessary to take pantothenic acid in the doses indicated in the instructions:

• adults - from 1.5 to 3 grams;
• children - from 0.75 to 3.

The course is up to five months. Repeat throughout the year.

The drug is prescribed by a doctor, he takes into account the age and physical condition of the adult and the child. The number of pantothenic acid tablets depends on the child's age and development.

B5 is also administered intravenously and intramuscularly. The treatment course is carried out as prescribed by the attending physician twice a day. Apply ointments, gels for external use (4-6 times a day). For better hair growth, to strengthen the hair follicle, B5 is released in hair ampoules. Shown drugs in cases:

• baldness, hair loss;
• pregnant and lactating mothers;
• with skin diseases;
• respiratory diseases;
• cardiovascular diseases;
• cystitis;
• autism;
• hyperactivity;
• burns;
• neuralgia and diseases of the central nervous system;
• non-infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• alcoholism and drug addiction.

Useful properties of vitamin B5

B5 plays an important role in the human body. Its role is most significant in the synthesis and metabolic processes of fats, hemoglobin, cholesterol, carbohydrates, amino acids. Why does the body need vitamin B5?

1. Helps the adrenal glands in the production of hormonal substances. Helps in the suppression of microbes, participates in the synthesis of hormones of the endocrine system.
2. It plays a fundamental role in the synthesis of fatty acids and the normal functioning of the brain.
3. Prevents dementia in old age.
4. Supports immunity. Activates the protective functions of the whole organism.
5. Normalizes lipid metabolism.
6. Helps in the production of intracellular energy.
7. Heals wounds, burns, mucous membranes.
8. Eliminates side effects from antibiotics.
9. Pantothenic acid reduces the pain associated with gout and arthritis.

Pantothenic acid in cosmetology and dermatology

Vitamin B5 is used for hair growth. It stimulates growth hair follicles and protects against early graying. In cosmetology, the B vitamin group has found wide application, it has a rejuvenating effect on the skin condition. For facial skin, creams based on pantothenic acid are used. It helps to eliminate the dryness of the epidermis, helps moisturize the skin, softens. Acid takes part in skin regeneration, helps to produce collagen and elastin, eliminates redness and inflammation. Vitamin well dries acne and acne.

Factors causing deficiency and excess of vitamin B5 in the body

The main causes of B5 deficiency include:

1. Long term treatment medicines(antibiotics and sulfonamides). Medicines inhibit the synthesis of derivatives from B5. As a result, a shortage of pantothenic acid begins, although there will be plenty of them in food of plant and animal origin.
2. Insufficient amount of protein food and lipids. People who practice a raw food diet and vegetarianism should be careful about the choice of products.
3. Lack of vitamins that are involved in the synthesis of panthein and coenzyme-A.
4. Malfunctions in the digestive tract. Food stops digesting.

Acid Deficiency Symptoms:

• depression;
• decreased performance, fatigue;
• insomnia;
• numbness of fingers and toes;
• redness of the feet;
• nausea;
• pain in the head;
• soreness lower extremities at night;
• ulcer duodenum.

All these factors affect the appearance, the growth of hair and the nail plate. Deficiency of B5 can cause diseases of the blood, skin, ulcers, hypoglycemia.

An excess of pantothenic acid is rare. Vitamin overdose is not toxic. 500 milligrams of B5 administered intravenously does not cause side effects. You may experience insomnia, increased heart rate, and dehydration.

The harmful properties of vitamin B5

Symptoms of intoxication were not identified. Vitamin B5 is not dangerous, it is not toxic. B5 helps to cope not only with wrinkles, but also with obesity, slows down the aging of the body.

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Vitamin substances are very important for every person. These elements are classified by chemists as low-molecular organic compounds and are characterized by a simple structure. They are found in foods or environment in a relatively small amount, but at the same time they play an important role in the full functioning of the human body. One of the important vitamins for us is vitamin B5. Let's talk about him today. Why does our body need vitamin B5, and what food contains it?

Vitamin B5 is a fairly common substance in food. This element is also known as pantothenic acid. Its deficiency is extremely rare, but, nevertheless, sometimes it takes place.

Why does the body need vitamin B5??

This substance, after penetrating into the body, becomes pantethine, and it, in turn, is an integral part of coenzyme A, which is actively involved in the completion of oxidation processes, as well as acetylation. As you know, coenzyme A is involved in the metabolism of proteins, fats, and in addition carbohydrates.

Pantothenic acid plays an important role in the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates, in addition, it is necessary for the metabolism of amino acids. Such a substance is involved in the synthesis of a number of essential fatty acids, histamine, it is important for the production of hemoglobin, as well as histamine and acetylcholine. It is worth noting that vitamin B5 is not very resistant to heat. Heat treatment leads to the loss of almost half of this substance in food.

Pantothenic acid activates the synthesis of adrenal hormones, which are known as glucocorticoids. This is what explains its anti-inflammatory properties. Corticoids simultaneously fight inflammation in all corners of our body, in addition, they help to cope with stressful situations. But at the same time, the adrenal cortex can synthesize hormones for only six hours a day, respectively, it needs significant reserves of pantothenic acid for successful activity. Due to the anti-inflammatory qualities of vitamin B5, its sufficient and even additional intake in the body may be important for allergic lesions, arthritis, colitis, heart disease, etc.

Pantothenic acid is actively involved in the synthesis of antibodies, which makes it very important for the full functioning of the immune system. Another such substance is necessary for the correct and complete absorption of other vitamins by the body, as well as for the production of neurotransmitters (substances that ensure the transmission of nerve impulses). A sufficient amount of such elements plays a very important role for the full functioning of the brain and central nervous system.

Vitamin B5 is involved in the production of fatty acids. This substance is able to optimize the metabolism of fats, which makes it very useful in the fight against extra pounds. In addition, pantothenic acid quite effectively activates the course of redox processes in our body.

Vitamin B5 deficiency is quite rare. It can be provoked not by a deficiency of such a substance in the diet, but by other concomitant conditions.

Such hypovitaminosis can occur as a result of insufficient intake of proteins or fats in the body, due to low intake of vitamin C or B vitamins. Vitamin B5 deficiency can also occur due to ailments small intestine, which are accompanied by malabsorption syndrome (absorption disorders). Also, the lack of pantothenic acid can be explained by the consumption antibacterial drugs or sulfonamides.

With a decrease in the amount of vitamin B5 in the body, readers of "Popular about Health" may be disturbed by excessive fatigue, depression, sleep disturbances and high fatigue. A fairly common symptom of such a deficiency is headache and muscle pain, a feeling of nausea. In some cases, the manifestation of hypovitaminosis B5 is a burning sensation, tingling and numbness of the toes.

With a severe shortage, burning and excruciating pain in the lower extremities may occur, which occur mostly at night. The skin of the feet usually becomes reddened. Also, a deficiency of pantothenic acid is fraught with the occurrence of dyspeptic disorders and ulcerative lesions of the duodenum.

In addition, with such a condition, the body's resistance to ailments is significantly reduced, which leads to the frequent occurrence of acute respiratory infections and acute respiratory viral infections.

Vitamin B5 in foods

As we have already found out, B5 is present in almost all food products. However, there are foods that are especially rich in this substance. It is represented by peas, yeast, hazelnuts, green leafy vegetables, buckwheat and oatmeal, as well as cauliflower. In addition, vitamin B5 is found in a fairly large amount in offal (liver, kidney and heart), chicken meat, egg yolk, milk and fish caviar.

It is impossible to get an excessive amount of vitamin B5 from food. Its excess is quickly excreted from the body along with urine. In some cases, an additional intake of pantothenic acid is prescribed by doctors. For example, if the body does not receive it from the products. It is sold as a medicine of the same name in pharmacies and is used in accordance with the instructions.