NECK
The sternocleidomastoid muscle is painful to the touch.

NERVOUS SYSTEM
Neuralgia.

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Tobacco smoke causes discomfort and makes breathing difficult.

NOSE
Cold nose or tip (Apis, Sulfur). The nose freezes for about 20 hours.
Nose ulcers.

LARYNX
Sensation as if larynx were being squeezed.

THROAT
Pain in the throat, pressing, as if due to swelling of the mucous membrane.
Dryness, shooting pain and bitter mucus in the throat.
The patient coughs up sour mucus.
The burning sensation in the throat decreases after drinking.

BREAST
Feeling of pressure in the chest.
Shooting pain in the chest and sides of the chest.
Twitching of the lateral muscles.

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Diabetes.

MOUTH
"Geographical" language. Feeling of rawness. The tongue is covered with a white film, which is removed in pieces, leaving red, sensitive spots.

The tongue is dry, covered with a brown coating, in the morning when waking up. Increased salivation. Accumulation of sour saliva in the mouth (with a sensation as if the larynx were being squeezed).

Cracked upper lip. Ulcers in the corners of the mouth.
. taste. Bitter taste and belching. Bitter taste in mouth, but food tastes normal. Salty or sour taste of food, especially butter and meat.

TEETH
Toothache, drawing, in teeth affected by caries, radiating to the eyebrows.
Pressing pain in teeth.
Teeth set on edge, as if from acid.
Flow of acidic blood from a tooth affected by caries.
Teeth become dull.
Coughing up sour mucus, causing dull pain in teeth.

STOMACH
Bitter belching (belching and hiccups). Empty belching, especially after drinking.
Nausea (with tendency to vomit or vomit) due to very fatty foods, with a feeling of anxiety and pressing headache,

weakens in open air.
Tobacco smoke causes discomfort and heartburn.
Severe chills after eating or drinking.

APPETITE
Loss of appetite.
. disgust. Fat intolerance.

STOMACH
Constrictive pain in the abdomen.
Pressing and shooting pain in the abdomen and sides, mainly on the left; in the hypogastric region.
Rumbling and peristalsis (appear suddenly) in the abdomen, with a sensation as if bubbles were bursting.
Flatulence. Bloating during hysteria.
The liver is enlarged and hardened.
Sharp stabbing pain in the left side.
Jaundice. Cholelithiasis. Biliary colic. Liver diseases.

ANUS AND RECTUM
Ineffective urge to defecate. Bowel movement is difficult.
Stool several times a day, passes with difficulty (even if it is not dense).
Mushy stool followed by tenesmus.
Voluptuous itching in the perineum (compelling the patient to scratch).

URINARY SYSTEM
Frequent urge to urinate (pressure without pain), with copious discharge. Bed-wetting.

Cancer Bladder.

MENSTRUATION
Suppression of menstruation.

MEN'S
Pain in the testicles.
Constant erections.
Frequent wet dreams or wet dreams occurring every other night.

MUSCLES
Rheumatism of muscles.

NECK
Pressure, twitching, shooting pain in the muscles of the neck (throat) and back of the neck.

Tearing pain extends from the ear down the neck.

BACK
Lumbar pain, worse standing.
Pressing pain in the lower back.
Pressing, shooting pain and tension in the back and lower back when lying down, accompanied by difficulty breathing.
Pressing and burning pain in the spine and sacrum due to shortness of breath.
Gurgling and swelling of the shoulder blades and shoulders with trembling throughout the body.
There is a sensation as if something is rolling and a gurgling sound appears in the right shoulder blade.
Vibration and trembling in the right shoulder blade.

LIMBS
Great restlessness in the limbs. Neuralgic pain in the knees; relief from pressure. Extremities are painful to touch. shooting pains in

limbs. Painful sensitivity of all limbs, especially when palpated and when they are in an awkward position. Limbs move well

but decreased muscle strength prevents movement. Feeling as if limbs were tied or weakened.
. Hands. Pulsation, beating and twitching in the shoulders and arms. Twitching in arm muscles. Twitching in the muscles of the left forearm. Shooting pain in arms and elbows.

Drawing and tearing pain in forearms and wrists. Rash and pimples on hands and fingers. Icy coldness in my fingertips. Pressing pain in the third-fourth fingers of the right hand.

Brushes freeze for about 20 hours.
. Legs. Damage to the rear of the feet and soles. Shooting pain in thighs, knees, calves, soles and toes. Stitching pain in left thigh. Pressing pain in left calf.

Jerking pain in the right calf, which quickly ceases on palpation. Nagging pain in the back of the right foot in a standing position, stabbing - in a sitting position. Strong

stitching pain or tingling, as if with a sharp thin object, in the right heel. A burning sensation in the knees, legs or toes. Copious sweat between fingers.

MODALITIES
. Worse. At rest. In a lying position. Sitting. Fatty food. Sitting. Standing. Laying down. 19.00. The symptoms of Taraxacum are worse at night.
. Better. From touch. Movement. Walking.

Dandelion officinalis is a perennial polycarpic plant 5-40 (50) cm high. The root system is taprooted with developed lateral roots. The main root is relatively thick, usually vertical, with few branches, reaching a thickness of 2-3 (4) cm at the root collar. The root collar is often woolly, less often bare. All leaves are rosette, 10-25 cm long, 1.5-5 cm wide, pinnately divided or pinnately lobed, with lateral lobes deflected downwards, often jagged along the edge and a larger terminal lobe, less often entire, notched along the edge. serrated, sparsely hairy or glabrous.

There are several flower shoots, all of them are leafless, smooth, hollow, under a basket with cobwebby felt. Basket wrappers 13-20 mm long, green; Their outer leaflets are broadly lanceolate to lanceolate-linear, turned down, almost equal in width to the inner leaflets, without horns and without a membranous border along the edge. The inner leaflets of the involucres are oblong-linear, almost 1.5 times longer than the longest outer leaflets, without horns, rarely with clearly defined horns. All flowers are ligulate, bisexual, yellow, with copiously and long-haired corollas in the middle part. Marginal flowers on the underside with dark stripes. The roots, leaves and stems contain a white milky sap.

The fruits are light brown or brownish achenes; their expanded part is 3-4 mm long, covered with sharp tubercles in the upper half; the pyramid is 0.4-0.6 long, and the spout is 7-12 mm; the tuft at the end of the spout is white, 6-8 mm long, consisting of many rows of simple rough hairs.

Blooms in May-July; the achenes ripen about a month after the start of flowering. It often blooms and bears fruit again throughout the summer until late autumn.

Diploid set of chromosomes 8, 18, 22, 24, 26, 27, 30, 32, 34, 36, 37.

Dandelion officinalis is a highly polymorphic species with numerous apomictic forms. Some authors consider them as independent species, subspecies and varieties. In particular, in the Arctic, in the north of Yenisei Siberia, in Yakutia and the northern part of the Far East, dandelion is replaced by other species from the same section Taraxacum. Many of them differ little morphologically from the officinalis dandelion. The medicinal value of various dandelion species from the section Taraxacum has not been studied. However, due to the systematic proximity of these species, we can assume the possibility of their medical use along with T. officinale Wigg. Practicing practitioners do not distinguish between similar species, varieties and forms of dandelion and prepare them as medicinal dandelion.

In medicine, the roots of dandelion are used, in the broad sense of the scope of this species.

Dandelion usually grows in places with disturbed natural vegetation, on poorly drained soils, especially near housing, in fallow fields, young fallow lands, where it often forms extensive thickets. In meadows disturbed by grazing, it is not so abundant; it is often found in forest clearings and edges, along roadsides, along roadside ditches, on eroded slopes, less often among bushes, in clearings and clearings.

Dandelion officinalis is a Eurasian species that grows throughout almost all of European Russia, except for the Arctic, high mountain and desert regions. The northern border of the range from the border with Finland and the White Sea goes east almost along the line of the Arctic Circle to Western Siberia, where dandelion is distributed everywhere except in the Arctic and high mountain regions. As you move east, the northern border of the range shifts to the south. In the Krasnoyarsk Territory it passes north of Podkamennaya Tunguska, and further to the east the dandelion does not reach north of the Baikal region and Transbaikalia. Occasionally found as an alien weed in the south of the Far East.

In the Caucasus, dandelion is found almost everywhere, except in high mountain areas. The southern border of the dandelion's range extends beyond the Russian state border.

The reserves of medicinal dandelion raw materials are large; the possible annual harvest of its roots is determined by several tens of tons. Harvesting dandelion roots is possible in all regions and republics of the Caucasus, most regions of the European part of Russia and Western Siberia.

Dandelion roots are harvested in late autumn and early spring before the plants begin to grow. Roots are dug up with shovels; in continuous thickets it is possible to use tillage tools and mechanisms (ploughs, root and potato diggers, etc.). The dug roots are shaken off the ground, the tip of the root, the root collar with leaves and thin lateral roots are cut off with a knife, washed in cold water and dried in air for several days until the milky juice ceases to be released from them. The roots are then dried under shelters or in well-ventilated attics, spread in a thin layer on paper or fabric. Drying is completed when the roots become brittle. You can dry dandelion roots in ovens and dryers with good ventilation at a temperature of 40-50ºC. The yield of dry raw materials is 33-35% of freshly collected ones.

Cultivation.

Common dandelion is cultivated as a dual-use crop (salad and medicinal) in Western Europe and Eastern countries. The medicinal raw materials of cultivated dandelion are of higher quality and less expensive in comparison with raw materials harvested from wild bushes.

In the Soviet Union, during the war and in the first post-war years, the kok-saghys culture - Taraxacum kok-saghys Rodin - was developed. and Taraxacum hybernum Stev. (Crimea-sagyz) to obtain natural rubber. However, due to the development of the production of cheaper artificial rubber and the very high cost of obtaining rubber from plant raw materials, the culture of Kok-saghyz and Crimean-saghyz was discontinued. The culture of these types of dandelion, like the culture of common dandelion, does not present any particular difficulties, as is clearly shown by the experience of growing common dandelion in the GDR in the 50s of the last century and currently in Germany and other countries where its dual-use varieties have been created: vegetable and medicinal.

Common dandelion is propagated by seed method: by sowing dry seeds directly in the field at different times and by seedlings, planting seedlings depending on their purpose, also at different times.

Depending on the variety and purpose, dandelion plantations are created using a wide-row sowing method, using row spacing of 45 and 60 cm. In this case, to grow a more uniform root, plant breakthrough is used, leaving 5-7 plants per 1 m row. The plants are broken through during the first and second manual loosening of protective zones and weeding in the rows. Removed plants can be used as seedlings to increase the area of ​​an industrial plantation or for making salads. “Continuous culture” is also possible, especially with joint and intercropping with annual crops.

Sowing seeds directly in the field is carried out in early spring - early spring sowings, in the summer, in the third ten days of August - early September - winter sowings and late in the fall, with the onset of the first frosts - winter sowings.

Common dandelion has a high competitive ability against annual weeds. Therefore, if there is moisture in the top layer of soil, it is possible to use clean, joint and combined crops with annual crops at all times of sowing seeds in the field.

The sowing rate of first class seeds is 2.5-3 kg/ha, planting depth is 1-1.5 cm; In case of seedling culture, 200-250 g of seeds are enough to grow seedlings per 1 hectare of plantings.

Dandelion is sown with vegetable seeders equipped with seed placement depth limiters and row-rolling rollers. Pure dandelion seeds are characterized by low flowability. To increase the flowability of seeds when sowing a small rate, distributing them more or less evenly in rows, use some kind of filler (fine fraction of granular phosphorus fertilizers, dry wood sawdust, millet husks, etc.) 30-35 is often used as a filler kg/ha of granular phosphorus fertilizers, which are also row phosphorus fertilizers. A mixture of seeds and fertilizers is prepared and sown on the day of sowing. It is better to carry out this operation before refueling the seeder. It is impossible to store a mixture of seeds with fertilizers, since seeds mixed with fertilizers quickly lose their viability.

When sowing seeds in the moist top layer of soil, sprouts appear 1-1.5 weeks after sowing. In dry and hot weather, the emergence of seedlings is delayed up to 2-3 weeks. When a soil crust forms, especially in clean crops in hot weather, mass death of seedlings occurs. Therefore, the cultivation of row spacing - “blind tilling” - begins before marking the rows, using the trace of the sowing unit and protective shields, or leaving wider protective zones so as not to cover the rows with soil. In joint and intercroppings, overheating of the top layer of soil and the formation of a soil crust are observed less frequently.

In pure sowings, the second cultivation of row spacing is carried out immediately after marking the rows, when they become clearly visible from the tractor cabin. Following the second cultivation, they begin to manually loosen the protective zones and weed out the weeds in the rows with the first breakthrough of plants. The second weeding of the weeds in the rows and the final breaking of the plants is carried out after the third or fourth cultivation of the rows, during one of which fertilizing with complete mineral fertilizer is applied at a dose (NPK) of 30-45 kg/ha of active substances. During the first growing season, 4-5 inter-row cultivations are carried out in pure early spring crops, and at least two in winter crops.

In joint and intercroppings of dandelion, the first cultivation of row spacing is carried out immediately after harvesting the annual crop, using the stubble of the annual crop as a guide. During the second cultivation of row spacing, carried out 1.0-1.5 weeks after the first, complete mineral fertilizer is applied at a dose (NPK) of 30-45 kg/ha of active substances.
Joint and intercropped crops become clean from the spring of the second year. Therefore, caring for all transitional crops begins immediately after the soil has matured with continuous harrowing - covering the moisture with the clutch of twin ZBSS-1.0 harrows in 2 tracks. 1.5-2 weeks after the moisture is closed, the first cultivation of the rows is carried out with the application of nitrogen-phosphorus (NP) 30-45 or complete mineral fertilizer (NPK) 30-45 kg/ha of active substances.

Harvesting of roots in clean early spring and winter crops is carried out in the fall of the second year. Harvesting the roots of winter pure crops is sometimes postponed to the autumn of the third year, and joint and combined crops are only rarely harvested in the autumn of the second year, and more often it is postponed to the autumn of the third year.

When harvesting dandelion roots, it is possible to use potato and root harvesting equipment. The above-ground mass is mowed with various topping removers and silage combines with or without chopping, with simultaneous loading vehicles. For additional root pruning, depending on the row spacing, carrot toppers BM-6 are used with sowing row spacings of 45 cm and BM-4 with row spacings of 60 cm. Potato and valerian harvesters, as well as various potato diggers, are used for digging up roots. The dug up roots are immediately sent to the sink. Wash in cold running water using various root washing machines. The washed roots are sorted out, removing weeds, and the remains of the root collar and small lateral roots and root tips are cut off. The cut roots are dried in air for several days until the milky juice ceases to be released from them. Then the roots are dried in conveyor and floor dryers at a coolant temperature of 50-60ºС. The yield of dry raw materials is 33-35%. The average yield of air-dried roots when harvesting in the canopy of the second year is 1.5-2.0 t/ha, when harvesting in the autumn of the third year it is 2.5-3.0 t/ha.

Seeds can be obtained from production plantations in the second or third years. It is better to harvest seeds manually, tearing off the baskets before they fluff.

Quality of raw materials and their application.

The quality of raw materials of dandelion roots is regulated by the Global Fund, XI edition, issue. 2, art. 69 “Dandelion Roots”, which includes the following numerical indicators.

Whole raw materials. Extractive substances extracted with water - at least 40%; humidity - no more than 14%; total ash - no more than 8%; ash, insoluble in a 10% solution of hydrochloric acid, - no more than 4%; roots poorly cleaned from root collars and leaf petioles - no more than 4%; flabby roots - no more than 2%; roots that have turned brown at the fracture - no more than 10%; organic impurities - no more than 0.5%; mineral impurity - no more than 2%.

Crushed raw materials has all the main indicators of whole raw materials. We have added indicators of the degree of grinding: particles that do not pass through a sieve with holes with a diameter of 7 mm - no more than 10%; and particles passing through a sieve with holes measuring 0.5 mm - no more than 10%.

Dandelion leaves contain flavonoids, saponins, carotenoids, choline, vitamins B1, B2, C (up to 62 mg%), D, P, trace elements and other substances. All organs of the plant contain milky sap.

Dandelion roots are more often used for medicinal purposes, and less commonly, roots with a rosette of basal leaves. IN folk medicine Dandelion leaf is also widely used.

Herbal preparations from dandelion roots, fresh roots and leaves are used to stimulate appetite and improve digestion, including improving the secretory and motor activity of the stomach and intestines, to increase bile secretion and secretion of the digestive glands in case of gastritis with low acidity, atherosclerosis, liver diseases and gallbladder, cholelithiasis and urolithiasis, hemorrhoids, as a mild laxative for constipation, as well as Graves' disease, pulmonary tuberculosis, eye diseases, furunculosis, inflammation of the lymph nodes and skin diseases.

Special studies have established that fresh dandelion leaves and powder from its roots significantly reduce cholesterol in the blood, stimulate lactation in nursing mothers, and reduce the manifestations of intoxication in case of poisoning. There is also evidence that dandelion roots stimulate the activity of the pancreas, increasing its secretion of insulin; has diaphoretic, tonic, choleretic, diuretic, laxative and antispasmodic effects.

Dandelion can also be used in complex cancer treatment. It weakens the toxicity of cytostatic drugs, stimulates liver activity, improves appetite, hematopoiesis, and helps inhibit the growth of malignant cells. Dandelion leaves have antitumor, tonic and antianemic properties.

Herbal preparations of dandelion infusion and decoction of roots are used both independently and in mixture with other choleretic agents for cholecystitis, hepatocholecystitis, anacid gastritis, complicated by gallbladder pathology and chronic constipation.

To prepare an infusion of dandelion roots, place 10 g (1 tablespoon) of its crushed roots in an enamel bowl, pour 200 ml (1 glass) of hot boiled water, cover with a lid, heat in boiling water (in a water bath) for 15 minutes, stirring frequently, cool for 45 minutes, strain through several layers of gauze, squeeze the remainder into an infusion. Add boiled water to the volume of the resulting infusion to 200 ml. Take warm, 1/3 cup 3-4 times a day, 15 minutes before meals as bitterness and choleretic agent.

Root decoction: 3 teaspoons of crushed roots are poured into 700 ml of boiling water, boiled for 15-20 minutes in a closed enamel container, filtered and drunk 70-100 ml 3 times a day half an hour before meals. The infusion and decoction are stored in a cool place for no more than 2 days.

You can also use 0.5 teaspoon of dandelion root powder 2-3 times a day. Dandelion root powder and thick extract are used in pharmaceutical practice in the manufacture of pills.

Dandelion roots are included in appetizing, gastric, choleretic and diuretic preparations. Dandelion roots are sold in pharmacies in packs of 100 g. Roasted and crushed roots are a coffee surrogate.

Young leaves, especially in Western Europe, are widely used in salads.

Dandelion is an early honey plant, good food for rabbits and pigs.

Due to the high content of inulin, dandelion roots can serve as a source of inulin.

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Rice. 5.66. Dandelion - Taraxacum officinale Wigg.

Dandelion roots-radices taraxaci
- taraxacum officinale wigg.
Sem. Compositae– asteraceae (compositae)
Other names: milkman, Russian chicory, zubnik, pustudoy, ​​kulbaba, cannons, powder puff, milkbox, bald grass, milkman, tooth root, gredunitsa, spurge, cotton grass.

perennial herbaceous plant(Fig. 5.66).
Root rod-shaped, branched, up to 60 cm long, 2 cm thick. In the upper part of the root there is a short multi-headed rhizome.
All leaves collected in a basal rosette, glabrous, oblong-lanceolate in outline, pinnately incised, planum-shaped, narrowed towards the base, 5-30 cm long, leaf blades directed downwards.
Flower arrows hollow, succulent, leafless, slightly cobwebby, 5-40 cm in height, ending in a single basket up to 2.5 cm in diameter.
All flowers reed, golden yellow.
Fetus- achene with a pappus (volatile). All parts of the plant contain a thick white milky sap.
Blooms in May - July, bears fruit from June.

Spreading

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Spreading. It is found throughout the country, except the Arctic, highlands and desert areas. Main procurement areas: Bashkiria, Voronezh, Kursk, Samara regions.

Habitat. It grows like a weed near homes, in meadows, near roads, in gardens, parks. Often forms continuous thickets.

Medicinal raw materials

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External signs

Whole raw materials

Roots taproot, few branches, whole or broken, 2-15 cm long, 0.3-3 cm thick. The roots are longitudinally wrinkled, sometimes spirally twisted, dense, fragile. The fracture is uneven. In the center of the root, small yellow wood is visible, surrounded by wide grayish-white bark, in which brownish thin laticifers arranged in concentric belts are visible (under a magnifying glass).
Color outside from light brown to dark brown.
Smell absent.
Taste

Crushed raw materials

Pieces of roots of various shapes, passing through a sieve with holes with a diameter of 7 mm.
Color grayish-white with dark brown and yellow splashes.
Smell absent.
Taste bitter with a sweetish aftertaste.

Microscopy

Rice. 5.67. Dandelion root microscopy

The cross section shows that the root has a secondary structure. The cork is thin, light brown. The bark is wide, consists of large oval parenchyma cells, in which there are concentric rows formed by groups of small conducting elements of the phloem and laticifers. Parenchyma cells are filled with colorless lumps and clumps of inulin, which easily dissolve when the drug is heated. The milkies are filled with yellowish-brown contents. The cambium line is clear. The wood is scattered-vascular, consists of large vessels and parenchyma containing inulin (Fig. 5.67).

Rice. 5.67. Dandelion root microscopy:
A – diagram of a cross section of the root, under a magnifying glass;
B – fragment of a cross section:
1, 2 – groups of laticifers;
3 – parenchyma cells with inulin;
4 – cambium;
5 – vessels.

Qualitative reactions. First, a reaction is carried out for the absence of starch (with iodine solution), and then a reaction is carried out for inulin with 20% alcohol solution alpha-naphthol and concentrated sulfuric acid (purple-pink color).

Procurement and storage of raw materials

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Preparation. Dandelion roots are dug up at the end of summer - autumn, shaken off the ground, the aerial part, rhizomes (“neck”) and small roots are cut off. Then the roots are immediately washed in cold water and air-dried for several days (until the milky juice stops secreting when the roots are cut).

Security measures. Repeated procurement of raw materials from the same thickets should be carried out at intervals of 2-3 years.

Drying. Natural drying is possible in attics under an iron or slate roof, under sheds with good ventilation, spreading in a layer of 3-5 cm. In good weather, the roots dry in 10-15 days. Can be dried in dryers at a temperature of 40-50 °C.

Standardization. GF XI, vol. 2, art. 69.

Storage. Raw materials are eaten by barn pests, so storage should be carried out in a dry, well-ventilated area. Shelf life up to 5 years.

Dandelion composition

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Chemical composition

Dandelion roots contain

• sesquiterpenoid bitter glycosides (taraxacin and taraxacerin),
• triterpenoid group alpha-amirina (taraxasterol, arnidiol, faradiol),
• rubber substances (2-3%),
• as well as carotenoids,
• flavonoids,
• resins,
• iron salts,
• calcium,
• phosphorus,
• up to 5% protein, which makes them a nutritious product.

The roots are rich in the polysaccharide inulin: by autumn it accumulates up to 40%, in spring about 2%.

In autumn, the roots contain up to 18% sugars.

Also discovered

• sterols,
• fatty oil,
• a nicotinic acid.

Numerical indicators of raw materials

Whole raw materials. Extractive substances extracted with water are at least 40%; humidity no more than 14%; total ash no more than 8%; ash, insoluble in a 10% solution of hydrochloric acid, no more than 4%; roots poorly separated from root collars and leaf petioles no more than 4%; flabby roots no more than 2%; roots that have turned brown at the fracture, no more than 10%; organic impurity no more than 0.5%; mineral impurity no more than 2%.

Crushed raw materials. Extractive substances extracted with water are at least 40%; humidity no more than 14%; total ash no more than 8%; ash, insoluble in a 10% solution of hydrochloric acid, no more than 4%; pieces of roots that have turned brown at the fracture, no more than 10%; particles that do not pass through a sieve with holes with a diameter of 7 mm, no more than 10%; particles passing through a sieve with holes with a diameter of 0.5 mm, no more than 10%; organic impurity no more than 0.5%; mineral impurity no more than 2%.

Properties and uses of dandelion

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Pharmacotherapeutic group. Appetite stimulant, choleretic (appetite stimulant).

Pharmacological properties of dandelion

Dandelion roots, containing bitterness, enhance

• secretion of saliva and
• secretion of the digestive glands,
• increase bile secretion.

All this improves digestion. Under the influence of biologically active substances of dandelion, food gruel passes through the intestines faster, which reduces putrefactive and fermentation processes.

In addition, the plant has antispasmodic properties, has a laxative effect.

The experiment found

• anti-tuberculosis activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
• antivirus,
• fungicidal,
• anthelmintic,
• anti-carcinogenic and
• antidiabetic properties of dandelion roots.

Uses of dandelion

Dandelion root preparations are used as a bitterness to stimulate appetite.

For gastritis with secretory insufficiency The bitter substances of dandelion increase the secretion of gastric juice.

As a choleretic agent a decoction of dandelion roots is prescribed for

• cholecystitis,
• cholangitis,
• cholelithiasis and hepatitis.

Dandelion roots in decoctions and as a surrogate for coffee from roasted roots, it is used as antisclerotic agent.

For chronic spastic and atonic constipation A decoction of dandelion roots is used as a laxative.

Medicines

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1. Dandelion roots, crushed raw materials. A remedy that improves appetite and digestion; choleretic.
2. As part of the choleretic, hepatoprotective collection “Gepafit”.
3. Dandelion extract is thick. Used as a filler in the manufacture of pills.
4. The extract is included in complex medicines (Tonsilgon N, Holaflux) and general strengthening elixirs (Sodecor, Vivaton).

Already doctors of Ancient Greece used dandelion as a medicinal plant. Theophrastus recommended it to reduce freckles and icteric spots on the skin. In Germany in the 16th century, it was used as a sedative and hypnotic. In Russian folk medicine, dandelion has long been considered a “life elixir” and is used for a variety of diseases.
Roots. In practical medicine, the infusion is used as a bitterness to stimulate appetite, improve the functioning of the digestive tract during constipation; as a choleretic agent for liver diseases; for diseases of the kidneys and spleen. In folk medicine, tincture is used for abdominal pain, eczema, and sexually transmitted diseases; decoction - for hypacid gastritis, chronic constipation, pulmonary tuberculosis, hemorrhoids, skin diseases; externally (lotions) - for eye diseases; infusion - for atherosclerosis, gastritis, anemia, diseases of the liver and gallbladder, kidneys and bladder, gout, allergies, skin rashes, to stimulate milk production in nursing women; powder (inside) - for atherosclerosis; externally - for burns, frostbite, ulcers, bedsores, festering wounds. Dandelion roots contain appetizing, diuretic and choleretic fees. In Germany they are used for diseases of the kidneys and bladder, and kidney stones.
Roots, leaves. In folk medicine, infusion is used for atherosclerosis, hypo- and avitaminosis, anemia, metabolic disorders, gastritis, colitis, diseases of the liver, kidneys, pancreas, cramping abdominal pain, headaches, poor appetite, constipation, gout, allergies; decoction - for furunculosis and other skin rashes, vitamin deficiencies, general weakness (as a tonic), for gastritis with low acidity of gastric juice; ointment - for burns and bedsores. Juice - for kidney stones and gallbladder, to stimulate appetite, for diseases of the liver, kidneys, bladder, for constipation, diabetes, furunculosis (as a means of normalizing blood composition), rashes, rheumatism, gout, anemia, pneumonia, bronchitis, for snake bites [as an antitoxic (with sour milk)], as well as for some diseases of the thyroid gland. Fresh juice - for atherosclerosis, C-hypovitaminosis, eye inflammation, scabies, tumors, purulent wounds.
Leaves. Young (fresh) in the form of a salad - for hypovitaminosis, scurvy, anemia, rheumatism, gout. Juice is a general tonic, blood purifying and metabolism normalizing agent. Externally - for removing calluses, warts, freckles, age spots; for eczema and blepharitis; to reduce pain and swelling from bee stings. In Bulgaria - in the treatment of atherosclerosis, anemia, diseases of the skin, liver, gallbladder, jaundice, hemorrhoids, inflammation of the stomach and intestines. In Germany - for vitamin deficiencies, anemia, rheumatism, gout. In France, juice is used for gout, jaundice, skin diseases, as well as to improve blood composition and as a tonic and diuretic.
Flowers, leaves. In folk medicine, infusion, decoction - for diseases of the liver, gall bladder, kidneys, hypertension, hemorrhoids, insomnia.
Flowers. Decoction - for insomnia, hypertension, constipation, as an anthelmintic. [)