About norms

Often, parents complain to the doctor that children often wake up or sleep restlessly, they can toss and turn, which does not allow parents to fully relax. However, parents often believe that the child should sleep just like an adult, lay down in the evening and slept peacefully until the morning, although for children this is not at all considered the norm, and intermittent sleep is quite normal. In order to completely dispel the myths and doubts about a child’s sleep, it is necessary to determine what is considered normal sleep for children at different ages.

In the first months of life, babies sleep a lot, but their sleep is intermittent, until about one and a half to two years old, babies can often wake up at night. At the same time, everyone believes that frequent nighttime waking is typical mainly for children who are breastfeeding, although this is completely false, mothers of formula-fed children wake up as often as mothers of infants. This is quite understandable from the point of view of age physiology, sleep in children should not be long and it is quite normal for a child to wake up often. In his mother's stomach, he did not distinguish between day and night, and he did not have a change in the phases of sleep and wakefulness according to the changes of day to night. The child simply sequentially alternates between sleep and wakefulness as he gets tired and needs rest.

Until three or four months old, babies will sleep most of their time in the day, mostly they wake up to eat and talk a little with their parents, or if something is bothering the baby. As the factors that interfere with well-being are saturated or eliminated, the baby falls asleep again blissfully. On average, babies sleep for 1-3 hours, slightly lengthening at night and amounting to about three to four hours of uninterrupted sleep. On average, during the day, dreams can be from 40 minutes to two hours, which many parents perceive as a pathology or a sign of illness. However, this is absolutely not the case; for the health of the baby, just such a rhythm of dreams is necessary.

A child's sleep can be divided into certain phases, which will sequentially replace each other during periods of sleep. Periods can be distinguished - the stage of falling asleep, then fast (superficial) sleep, and then slow (deep) sleep. In duration, each of the phases can last up to half an hour, as they age, they reach two hours for each period. At the same time, a predominantly superficial sleep is typical for children, and deep sleep is very short in time. In the first months of life, superficial sleep reaches 60-80% of the time, and by the age of six months it approaches 50% of the total sleep time, by the age of three years, superficial sleep reaches 30% of this amount of sleep, in older children and adults, superficial sleep lasts only 20% of the entire sleep phase. This is why babies sleep differently from adults.

So, the child’s sleep begins with a superficial sleep phase, and the child’s eyes are closed, but the eyelids tremble and you can see the movements of the eyeballs, while breathing is irregular, there may be smiles and twitches. At the same time, babies can dream during this period. And in this period of dreams, the formation and maturation of nervous system and brain structures. The brain of a toddler in this period of sleep assimilates and analyzes the amount of information received during wakefulness, and its skills are still being formed. During this period, if something goes wrong with the baby, he can easily wake up. But after 15-20 minutes, the babies undergo phase changes from superficial to deep, breathing becomes less frequent, it is deeper and measured, the heart rate decreases, and eyeballs they no longer move, there are no shudders, the muscles relax, the baby sweats and the fists relax. During deep sleep, the baby is difficult to wake up.

Now, knowing such features of babies' sleep, it becomes clear that when putting the child to sleep, it is necessary to wait for the transition of the superficial sleep period to deep sleep, and only after that you can put it to sleep in the crib. If you hurry, the baby will wake up in a superficial sleep and then it will be very difficult to put him down again.

What could be the problem?

Sometimes a child's sleep can be disturbed and there can be many reasons for this. Moreover, most of these causes will not require medical interventions and any medications. At the same time, doctors, especially neurologists, can distinguish four main groups of reasons that lead to poor sleep in children:

1. physiological characteristics of the baby and the natural causes of sleep disorders,
2. emotional overload in children,
3. problems in the health of the child, diseases of children,
4. emotional overload of children,
5. neurological pathologies.

To physiological characteristics children's sleep, we talked a little above when we analyzed sleep issues, since a child's sleep is subject to certain rhythms, which must be taken into account in drawing up a daily routine.

Often, parents may complain that up to six months or a little more, the children slept well, and then they were replaced. Children begin to toss and turn, wake up or even get on all fours, crawl along the crib right in their sleep. It is necessary to immediately reassure the parents of the little one - this is quite normal, children from about six months receive a lot of emotions per day, master many skills - movements, control their own bodies or receive positive emotions.

All this bouquet of daytime emotions the nervous system begins to analyze in detail at night, during night dreams, while carefully working out and remembering the smallest details. That's why the little ones wake up at night, trying to crawl and get on all fours, they can laugh, whine or walk, without even waking up at all. If, with such a night's sleep during the day, the child is cheerful and cheerful, he eats normally and does not show signs of illness, then he has enough sleep, nothing needs to be done. The child's body can perfectly control its functions and can regulate the time of sleep without your intervention.

Often, parents are worried about the shuddering of the child at night, but they do not at all indicate pathologies. Such startle processes occur due to the work of the nervous system during the nocturnal sleep phase and can be manifested by single or regularly repeated contractions of muscle groups in the limbs or body. Most often they appear in especially excitable children in the first year of life, or they arise after emotional upheavals - joys, insults or tantrums, and with age they usually decrease progressively.

Often, children show whims or sobs at night, and sometimes even crying babies. The reasons for these phenomena are similar - excessive emotions during the day or in the evening. You will most likely need to reconsider the daily routine for the child, and move active games or noisy fun in the first half of the day so that the nervous system is not overexcited before going to bed.

The child's sleep will greatly depend on the state of his health, if the babies are teething or have a tummy ache, then his sleep may become restless or intermittent, the baby will often cry or wake up. In addition, the child’s clothes will greatly affect sleep - if the elastic bands, seams or laces are tight, then the child will toss and turn in his sleep, whimper or wake up.

The child's sleep can be disturbed if the air in the children's room is too dry or too warm, then the mucous membranes in the nose dry out too much, it may be difficult to breathe, the baby may wake up because of this. In addition, the baby may suffer from heat, especially if mothers carefully cover him with a blanket, which can also reduce the quality of sleep for babies.

The most optimal temperature for sleeping is about 60% humidity and a temperature of about 18-20 degrees, but if it is impossible to maintain such a temperature in the room, it is necessary to regularly ventilate the room before going to bed and use a humidifier.

Sleep disorders in children

In the question of defining sleep disorders, there are no unambiguous classifications today, but the most successful today is the division of sleep problems proposed by the Americans:

1. primary sleep disorder in which there is no related problems, sleep disturbances are formed without any obvious external causes or internal diseases.
2. secondary sleep disorder, in which disturbances can be a manifestation of any internal diseases or pathologies of the child - emotional stress, digestive diseases, allergies, infections or any other problems.

Often, problems arise due to the defeat of the disease of the nervous system, which regulates and coordinates the sleep process. Usually, violations are divided into short-term, which pass in a few days, and long-term, which can last months or even years.

Babies can often show behavioral insomnia, difficulty falling asleep, and an inability to maintain long enough sleep. This occurs in babies from three to four months, since in children at an earlier age, waking up is again quickly replaced by sleep after the elimination of disturbing factors.

Sleep disturbances are excitable and exciting children who simply cannot fall asleep without their mother's presence, or without certain rituals. Every day they need long processes of motion sickness, it is imperative that there is someone nearby. The main differences between sleep problems in children are the inability to fall asleep for a long time and without outside help, with the same number of awakenings as normal children. The most basic problems of such sleep are overwork of children, an excess of daytime emotions, violation of the organization of the day by parents.

Messed up day and night

Usually, the processes of formation of daytime and nighttime sleep are formed by about three to four months of life. However, the biological clock of the child plays an important role here - whether he is an owl or a lark. If you set the child to a mode that does not coincide with the child's biorhythm, sleep disturbances may form. Toddlers are simply unable to fall asleep at the time that their parents took them to sleep, and then it is difficult for them to wake up according to the allotted schedule, since it does not coincide with the baby’s internal clock. At the same time, the processes of daytime and nighttime sleep are disrupted, malfunctions occur inside the body and capriciousness is formed, appetite may be disturbed, and even immunity is reduced. long current this process can lead to problems. Which can then be eliminated only with the participation of a doctor, and strict adherence to a strict set rhythm by all family members will be required.

Therefore, when drawing up a daily routine, look first of all at the child, and not at books and other parents, the baby himself will quickly and accurately tell you the time when it is time for him to go to bed and get up.

What can be done to improve sleep?

First of all, you need to stop being nervous about the child’s sleep, thereby making him nervous, your tantrums and nervousness are transmitted to the child. First of all, analyze his diet and eliminate the factors. Interfering with normal sleep - puffy foods, and for older children, a more satisfying dinner so that he does not wake up from hunger.

Create sleep routines and ceremonies and repeat them day in and day out so your baby gets ready for sleep and develops sleep habits at the same time. Put children to bed at the first sign of fatigue. And not when they are already overexcited, and will not immediately fall asleep. Before school, the child’s schedule must necessarily include daytime sleep, then the baby will not overwork in the evening.

How can you improve your child's sleep?

A child is the most beautiful gift you have. You take care of him with all the warmth, but sometimes the baby still sleeps anxiously. In order to improve the sleep of your child, it is necessary to provide the regime and conditions for good rest to the subtleties. Perhaps try home remedies first.

Suppose you began to notice that your child cannot fall asleep for a long time, whimpers at night, is naughty a lot, you see an overabundance of emotions in him, sometimes too cheerful, sometimes very upset, and this all entails a violation healthy sleep. This means that measures need to be taken now.

1. The first thing to balance your baby's mood is soothing herbs and natural oils.

However, it is worth paying attention so that the child does not have an allergy to one or another composition of aromatic oils or herbs. Otherwise, a good idea to help improve sleep will turn into chronic illness. First you need to inform your pediatrician about your intentions. He will give more reliable recommendations for the use of aroma oils. We do not recommend trusting pharmacists in a pharmacy, because they do not know the body of your baby. Do not take risks with the “fit-not-fit” method!

by the most the best option will be if you conduct a preliminary test for the child. Wet a napkin or piece of cotton wool with a drop of oil. Let the baby inhale it once. If there is no sneezing or tearing reaction, then try putting a drop on the child's hand. After 4-5 hours, no side effects, then try to conduct the first aroma session.

Remember that it is better to buy aromatic preparations in pharmacies, they will give a check here and you will check the expiration date. And the inscription on the package "GOST" will testify to the quality of the purchased product. Do not trust low prices in regular stores, otherwise you will end up with a bottle with impurities or synthetics. Natural oils are sold in small packages at medium to high prices.

One of the sedatives is tea tree oil. As a rule, it is rare for anyone to be allergic to it. This oil is often used by children during various inhalations and baths. Arriving at the pharmacy, you will definitely be able to pick up a universal component with which you can improve your baby's sleep.

It is important to know that there are some restrictions for all age categories: up to 1 year old peppermint oil is prohibited, up to 6 years old - thyme, geranium, tea tree and rosemary, up to 12 years old - cloves.

A drop of tangerine or orange oil is useful before bedtime. Mint or lemon balm relieve fatigue and promote sound sleep.

2. The second thing that children of small and middle age really like is massage.

Light strokes will relax the baby and plunge into a fabulous dream. It is also recommended during massage to drop a drop of oil into the cream with which you rub the child, or just one drop on the bed in the far corner of the crib. And after the massage procedures, ventilate the room.

3. Medicinal herbs

A suitable phytocomponent can always normalize the sleep of both children and adults. Again, we emphasize that it is necessary to consult a pediatrician and an allergist. Children under one year old herbal medicine is strictly prohibited. Herbs need to be used wisely, only then they will give an excellent result. Components must first of all be of high quality and environmentally friendly.

4. One of the important methods for improving your child's sleep is the elementary observance of the regimen and preparation for sleep!

1. Daily bedtime should be the same. In individual cases, with restless sleep, experts recommend putting children to bed half an hour earlier or later.
2. The child needs the same bed, and here he must wake up.
3. Be sure to stop all games an hour before bedtime, minimize emotional stress, do not start arguments with the child, try to avoid quarrels that lead to hysteria and excitement. This applies to all family members. It is better to go for a walk, or to tell in a calm tone interesting stories, or engage in reading, drawing, etc.
4. For some, a warm bath has a calming effect, while for others, on the contrary, it contributes to a cheerful state. So watch your little one and decide if this method is right for you.
5. Instead of bright light throughout the room, get a dim nightlight.
6. When the child is getting ready for bed, let dad turn down the TV. Eliminate all sorts of loud sounds.
7. Be sure to feed your baby before bed.
8. Sing a lullaby and read children's poems, let dad tell a fairy tale in a semi-tonal baritone.
9. Caress the baby during the lullaby, stroke gently on the head and back.
10. Alternate double naps with single ones, because the baby can sleep twice during the day and stay awake at night. Also on a single nap day, go to bed a little earlier in the evening.

5. About when and how to feed children correctly

1. Get yourself and your child the first rule - eating at any time exclusively in the kitchen! Never on the bed or in front of the TV in the bedroom.
2. If your baby is very small or a baby, then be sure to feed the baby tightly at night. Walk more in the evening so that before going to bed he really wants to eat.
3. The child should not be allowed to fall asleep without eating.
4. If you feed the baby at night, then in no case do not communicate with him, quietly fed him and then put him to sleep.
5. It is important to know and you can try, according to the recommendations of doctors, to gradually reduce night feeding after 4-5 months, and after 6-7 - slowly switch to 5-8 hours of sleep.
6. When you feed a child during the daytime, then during meals you can and even need to tell something interesting, joke and sing with positive emotions.
7. Leave the habit of feeding the baby by the hour, as you want, and feed.

For a child, do everything in a good mood, and there will be a return, believe me!

6. Necessary conditions for healthy sleep

1. Install the crib, first of all, away from noise, drafts, computers and TVs. In this place there should be no disputes, tantrums and quarrels!
2. Cleanliness and order in the room where your baby and his place to sleep.
3. Keep your child comfortable! The blanket should provide thermal comfort, the mattress should be hard, and the pillow should be low.
4. Do not teach your child to walk in a place to sleep!
5. The room in which the child rests must always be ventilated, the air is only fresh, and the temperature is not more than 20 ° C.
6. Keep an eye on the humidity in the room, if it falls below 45%, install humidifiers!
7. Remember that the wrong clothes for him can disturb your baby's sleep. Stuffiness, tightness, cold and other factors of discomfort will not allow the child to sleep soundly.
8. Take mobile phones, laptops, TVs, radios out of the children's room. Waves of working electrical engineering are contraindicated for a child.

7. Is napping good for you?

1. Perhaps your baby sleeps restlessly at night because he oversleeps during the daytime. Try waking him up earlier than usual.
2. Develop the right approach to daytime rest. There is no need to remove all unnecessary sounds, let it be heard how the parents speak to each other in a semitone, let the radio play quietly, water pour. The child will fall asleep to a light noise, especially when he runs and is tired. Do not accustom to complete silence, otherwise do not take a step, he will hear and cry.
3. If you do not have recommendations from a doctor, do not wake the baby so that he eats. Wake up and let him know that it's time to start eating.

8. Should the baby sleep alone or with mom?

1. Competent doctors, discussing this issue, came to a common opinion: infant wants to sleep with mom, and this is absolutely normal.
2. However, there is a group of views that the baby should have his own separate bed. Experts are trying to determine whether there are more pluses or minuses in this problem.
3. Be sure to stop co-sleeping in time. The kid should feel independent.

9. Parental work on the wishes of the child

1. If your baby, under favorable conditions (the room is ventilated, all hygiene rules are observed in it, a favorite toy) suddenly woke up, you restrain yourself and wait a minute, a little less, a little more, quietly enter the room. It's even better if you just take a look. The main thing is that the baby understands that the mother is nearby, but not too close.
2. Do not look that this is a little man, he already feels everything and absorbs the slightest smells, movements, colors, he develops his own habits. That is why do not force him to sleep right away, convincingly explain as an adult that the baby is not alone, that he was not abandoned and did not go anywhere. After two or three decisive phrases, mother leaves the nursery.
3. When you hear a baby crying, do not run headlong, but quietly and confidently enter the baby. And increase the time before each subsequent entry by 2-3 minutes.
4. Increase the waiting time daily, but it should not exceed 15 minutes. As a result, you get that while you enter, the baby will calm down and fall asleep on its own.
5. When you enter the nursery, practice singing a lullaby softly or speaking calmly without coming close.
6. Most importantly, do not turn on bright lighting fixtures. The baby will definitely wake up.
7. Rock the baby's playpen.
8. If all else fails, only then lull in your arms, give a drink or a pacifier, feed (after 6 months it is undesirable at night).

10. Unnecessary habits to get rid of

1. Fall asleep in the arms of your parents.
2. Play (especially outdoor games) before bed.
3. If the child falls asleep only with a finger in his mouth when he eats, when he is motion sick, urgently wean yourself and him from these habits. Otherwise, you will never be able to go anywhere, and the habit of thumb sucking can remain up to 12-13 years!
4. Frequent awakenings at night to check if mom is around.

Remember, if your child does not respond to any of the above methods and folk remedies, then it is worth sounding the alarm and showing the baby to the doctor. Perhaps sleep disturbance is associated primarily with some kind of disease. Timely treatment and assistance will restore normal sleep without consequences.

Children's insomnia, unfortunately, is a fairly common problem. Especially often there is insomnia in a child of preschool age. And parents who are forced to take care of the child while he is awake get chronic sleep deprivation. What to do if insomnia has become a frequent guest of an infant or teenager, consider below.

Risk of sleep deprivation in babies

It would seem that young children generally have an irregular sleep and wakefulness regimen, and the terrible thing is that he cannot sleep at night, no. Actually insomnia (English “ insomnia”) can cause quite a strong harm to children's health.

During sleep, the baby's body produces a hormone called somatropin. It affects the normal physical and mental development and growth of the child. Due to lack of sleep, substances in the body are less than normal, as a result of which the baby grows more slowly, in some cases they acquire problems with weight and mental / mental development.

During wakefulness, the nervous system is forced to be constantly in tension. With an insufficient number of hours of rest, she does not have time to relax and recover completely. This negatively affects the overall activity of the child:

• the reaction to changes in external conditions, the appeal to the child of surrounding people slows down;
• the child performs all household actions automatically, does not have time to think them over;
• thinking, learning is more difficult, there are problems with school performance;
• if it is necessary to commit deliberate actions, make independent decisions, the child feels discomfort and falls into a kind of stupor;
• with prolonged insomnia, the mental state suffers - the child falls into a depressed state, becomes restless, nervous;
• also, with prolonged lack of sleep, general well-being also suffers: appetite disappears, headaches, dizziness occasionally disturb.

Opinion of a somnologist: “Sleep disorders in children are associated with the risk of impaired emotional and psychological health, a decrease in overall development, and school performance. Therefore, it is extremely important for parents to “see” the problem in a timely manner, contact a specialist and start correcting sleep disorders as early as possible.

The smallest ones have a special form of children's behavioral insomnia, when the baby develops false stereotypes associated with sleep (falls asleep only when rocking or feeding, or only in a certain place), if the conditions are not met, the child actively resists sleep, which leads to insomnia in parents . And therefore, not only psychological or medicinal sleep correction is important, but also the training of mothers and fathers themselves in competent behavior with a child.

Somnologist.

Chronic lack of sleep leads to serious health problems. For example, there may be such a problem as parasomnia in children - partial abrupt waking up in the middle of the night. Therefore, it is important to make every effort so that the child can sleep peacefully.

Causes of sleep disturbance

Sleep disturbance requires careful, thorough treatment. And for his selection, you need to find out the reasons that led to such a serious problem.

Note! Children different ages for different reasons. Therefore, an individual approach is required in each case.

In infants and children under 3 years of age

In a newborn, an unstable sleep pattern is explained very simply - their nervous system is just being formed. If the baby is in a cheerful or calm state most of the time, sleeps a lot, but confuses the times of the day - the reason is only in the circadian rhythms that have not yet formed.

But if the baby is often naughty, sleeps less than he is awake, eats poorly, then the cause of insomnia is completely different. It is worth noting that there may be several of them. the baby may have the following:

• the ambient temperature is too warm, dryness is increased;
• recently there was a change of scenery (for example, moving);
• frequent noise that is heard in the child's room, because of which he simply cannot fall asleep;
• bright light in the nursery;
• a problem in the work of the stomach or intestines (for example, food is poorly absorbed, causing a feeling of discomfort);
• the appearance of diaper rash in the folds of the body causes discomfort, making it difficult to sleep;
• the period of the appearance of teeth is always accompanied by increased capriciousness of the baby;
• diseases of the ears of an infectious nature;
• encephalopathy.

The baby does not sleep well at any time of the day, is often naughty and cries. In such a situation, it is recommended to contact a pediatrician to rule out any hidden diseases. If there are no diseases, then the cause of restless sleep is different. Probably needs to be changed to a more comfortable environment in the room.

Toddlers aged 1-3 years old may not sleep well for another reason - they have already received a motor skill and have begun to learn the world. This strains the nervous system so much that it becomes difficult to fall asleep. Also, at the age of two, the baby is slowly switching to the usual adult menu, and adaptation gastrointestinal tract occurs with difficulty, suffering from disorder and diathesis.

It is necessary to make dinner easier, exclude outdoor games 3-4 hours before bedtime, so that the nervous system has time to calm down a little.

Preschool children

At the age of 3 to 5-6 years, a child’s sleep disturbance can occur as follows: for the first time, nightmares occur, which are the result of the brain processing the information received during the day. The kid can already watch TV, communicate with other people, listen to fairy tales. The subconscious confuses everything together, which ultimately causes fear of the dark and terrible dreams. Children often wake up crying, calling their parents.

Preschool children in most cases go to kindergarten, and as you know, it is there that the kids most easily share colds, sometimes they get helminth infestations. With a disease, the baby feels unpleasant symptoms, due to which he cannot fall asleep. Therefore, it is important to treat diseases in time, regularly take appropriate tests to exclude helminthic invasions.

As for the daily activity of the child, at this age, TV viewing should be limited, and fairy tales and cartoons should be selected more carefully, bypassing scary stories and evil characters.

In schoolchildren and teenagers

The cause of insomnia in a 6-year-old child is primarily a large amount of new impressions from entering school and obtaining new information, and at 8-9 years old, adaptation to the environment.

In the future, for example, a child of 10 years old may have causes of a similar nature - fear of exams and tests, problems in communicating with peers, possible problems of a family nature (for example, quarrels between parents), and even the death of a beloved pet can cause insomnia for several weeks. At the age of 11-12 years, hormonal changes begin in girls, which can also affect.

The cause of insomnia can also be one of the health disorders:

• diseases of the heart or blood vessels;
• disruption of the endocrine system;
• disorders of the nervous system.

To exclude health problems, you need to contact a pediatrician for examination.

Insomnia in adolescents can also be caused by emotional stress - at this age, quarrels with friends, parents often occur, first love happens, high physical activity, and much more.

At this age, a heart-to-heart talk can help solve the causes of insomnia in adolescents, perhaps light sedatives in the form of herbal teas. If the nervous tension gets out of control, results in mental breakdowns, it is recommended to contact a specialist in this field - a child psychiatrist.

First of all, you need to establish a clear schedule for the time the child goes to bed and wakes up. In the daytime, you need to arrange active games, listen to cheerful music, and in the late afternoon switch to a calmer mode, dim the lights and sounds of equipment, even make conversations quieter.

It is very useful to spend as much time as possible in the sun during the day. This affects the functioning of the thyroid gland and the production of certain hormones by it, which are responsible for the sensation of the daily rhythm. Phototherapy for insomnia is based on this process.

Often the cause of poor sleep is uncomfortable sleeping conditions - a hard pillow or mattress, a narrow bed. When these problems are eliminated, sleep will very quickly become better.

Before going to bed it is important to consolidate the day positive emotions- hugs for the night, wishes for pleasant dreams. The caress and tenderness of parents best of all soothe and relax the baby.

In childhood drug treatment very much limited. Various types of sleeping pills or sedatives cannot be used by children under 3 years of age.

At the age of 3 years, light preparations can be prescribed, the basis of which are plant components (Tenoten, Persen). Drugs can be prescribed only at the discretion of the doctor, possibly in rare cases from two years. In a teenager, it is also possible to use such drugs, as well as taking herbal teas, but not on an ongoing basis, but in courses.

Otherwise, it all depends on the cause of insomnia - with emotional overload, psychotherapy of the child and parents is recommended. In the absence of allergies and diseases of the respiratory systems, aromatherapy can be carried out in a bath with oils.

Table of drugs for insomnia for children:

Name	Terms of dispensing from pharmacies	Age	Price
Drops Beresh Plus	without recipe	over 10 kg	160-500 rub.
Dormikind	without recipe	up to 6 years	500-700 rub.
	without recipe	from 0 years old	20-50 rub.
	without recipe	from 0 years old	100-130 rub.
Passiflora-Edas 111	without recipe	from 0 years old	100-200 rub.
Vernison	without recipe	from 0 years old
Magne B-6	without recipe	from 1 year	400-600 rub.
	without recipe	from 1 year	700-1200 rub.
Morpheus	without recipe	from 5 years old
Dormiplant	without recipe	from 6 years old	300-400 rub.
Valerianahel	without recipe	from 6 years old	400-600 rub.
Nervochel	without recipe	from 3 years old	300-500 rub.
	on prescription	from 8 years old	50-400 rub.
Reladorm	on prescription	from 1 year
sanwal	on prescription	from 15 years old
Trittiko	on prescription	from 6 years old	600-700 rub.
Tizercin	on prescription	from 12 years old	200-300 rub.
Nozepam	on prescription	from 6 years old
Teraligen	on prescription	from 7 years old
Anvifen	on prescription	from 3 years old	200-500 rub.
Noofen	on prescription	from 8 years old	900-1000 rub.
	on prescription	from 4 years old	200-500 rub.

Preventive measures

The main rule in prevention is the observance of the correct regimen, as well as healthy eating, moderate daily physical exercise in the form of active games. It is worth excluding joint viewing of horrors and thrillers - children perceive the plot of the film more difficult, do not understand the meaning, which is why they often transfer what they see to real life.

If the cause of insomnia can be any disease, it is necessary to begin treatment as soon as possible. And then sleep will soon improve on its own, without taking heavy sedatives and hypnotics.

: how to improve the sleep of the baby. Eva Farber, 3-year-old parenting and childcare consultant, dealt with "baby sleep" at the Neufeld Institute's traditional online festival.

Eva talked about 7 sleep myths in babies and shared natural solutions, thanks to which your child will be able to fall asleep faster and sleep better, and you will remain a support for him not only during the daytime, but also at night.

If you're a parent or professional looking for support, inspiration, fresh ideas, and expert advice about baby sleep, you can read our resource on how to improve baby sleep and find all the answers.

7 myths about baby sleep

We present to your attention 7 ridiculous myths associated with children's sleep.

Baby needs to be taught to sleep

Of course, this is not so, children are perfectly able to sleep on their own. Even in the womb, babies sleep 90% of the time. They get used to this routine and eventually sleep peacefully. It is necessary to make it clear to the child that there is nothing terrible in a dream, he will wake up, after sleep the morning will come and he will see his relatives again.

Some babies sleep through the night for a week or two after birth. But most, at first, sleep more during the day and less at night.

Children should be taught to fall asleep immediately

We are afraid to harm our baby physically or emotionally when we sleep together, but in fact, we often think about ourselves. Mothers do not want to be involved in children even at night, it is more convenient when he lies in a crib and you can relax calmly, sleep in any position.

If we forcibly put a child alone, it will emotionally hurt him, alienate him and may cause trauma of "uselessness". But it is worth saying that there is an increased risk of suffocation and falling from an adult bed. If you are a frequent breastfeeder and want your baby to be by your side, you can choose a bedside crib.

You should not accustom the child to the parental bed, otherwise he will not wean

This is a big mistake, the baby needs maternal care and warmth at a basic level.

These are evolutionarily conditioned feelings; without tactile contact, the child does not feel that he is protected, that he is safe.

The stomach must rest at night, GW interferes with the quality of sleep

GW, on the contrary, strengthens the baby's nervous system, soothes feeding, and sleep improves. If you do not feed your baby at night, you may begin serious problems with his gastrointestinal tract and sudden weight loss.

In the first couple of weeks at birth, babies typically lose 10% of their body weight, so they should be fed at night. In addition, if they sleep more during the day than at night, you can wake them up so that the break without food is no more than 4 hours.

The child must sleep through the night without waking up

There will be no continuous sleep for 10-12 hours, but the child can sleep peacefully for 5 hours. It is normal that the baby's sleep is intermittent, as nature intended, until 4-6 months the baby's sleep is free.

Attachment to the breast acts like a sleeping pill for the baby, he needs to make sure that his mother is nearby and calm down. So the child checks if he is safe, awakening occurs for the purpose of contact.

Baby needs routine

It is difficult to impose a regime on a small child, except for resistance, this will not work. It is enough to know the approximate amount of sleep that your baby needs, this comes with experience.

Watch his behavior and needs, try to have at least some kind of schedule, but all actions should not be scheduled to the minute.

The child does not need a routine

There should be no extremes, everyone is individual. Children need to understand the rhythms when it's day and when it's already night.

It is necessary to focus on the nature of the baby’s sleep and help him sleep when it’s time. Ideal when the child goes to bed at the same time.

How to improve baby sleep

For quality baby sleep There are many factors involved in order for your baby to sleep soundly, you need to follow a certain plan.

Sleep conditions - Of great importance for the calmness of the baby are the sleeping conditions in which he sleeps. Certain external factors create favorable and comfortable conditions for newborn sleep. Here are the points to be followed:

• where your child sleeps (with you or in a separate room)
• lighting (dark or light)
• temperature (comfortable or cool)
• sounds (a pleasant melody can play in the baby's room, which soothes and lulls)

Sleep habits - It will be easier for you to lull your baby if he develops certain sleep habits that will give him signals that it is time to go to bed. Here are some habits to develop:

• familiar blanket
• soft pillow
• certain posture
• touch mom's hair
• feeding
• humming
• stroking

Going to sleep - To put your baby to bed, follow the daily rituals, the sequence of actions before going to bed, which will help the baby calm down and tune in to rest. These actions will make it possible to throw out the rest of the energy. Here's what you can do before putting your baby to bed:

• baby bathing
• wiping baby
• swaddling
• rocking
• fewer games before bed and new experiences
• routine and tranquility

Also, it is necessary to feed and drink the baby before going to bed, pay attention to the baby’s fatigue, hug and vilify in your arms before going to bed.

Up to 3 months, the baby sleeps as much as 16 hours a day. But not all at once. Newborns usually sleep 1 to 2 hours at a time. By 6 months, many babies are sleeping 6 hours a night.

Use these tips to help your little one sleep through the night:

• When the baby fusses at night, wait a minute or two and you will see that the baby will calm down and fall asleep again.
• Be careful during night feedings or diaper changes. Try not to wake her up too much.
• Be active and play during the day so your baby doesn't oversleep. This can gradually help the child sleep more at night.

Why can't a child fall asleep?

The baby has many reasons that do not allow him to relax and fall asleep peacefully. Here are the main ones:

• Incorrect daily routine and number of hours of sleep
• Violation of the usual schedule, for example, during the holidays
• Negative associations for sleep, the child may remember that he will soon be left alone, since his mother will put him to bed and leave on business
• Abrupt change in pre-sleep activities, activities, games, fun
• Incorrect sleep atmosphere: loud music, bright lights, noises, people talking
• Late bedtime at night, when the dream has already passed and the child is again cheerful
• Health problems: colic, teething, allergies
• Lack of attention and care, the child may not have enough time spent with parents, he may be bored and not want to fall asleep
• Early relocation to a large bed, the baby may not be ready, the best age for such castling will be 2.5-3 years, but not earlier.

Also, there may be psychological fears that will keep the baby in suspense and prevent him from falling asleep.

1. Fear of separation from mother is often the main obstacle to easy falling asleep and quality sleep. Often a mother falls asleep with a child at lunchtime, and then leaves. He may wake up and be frightened, start to worry. If this situation is repeated, the conditioned reflex and reaction is fixed. The child is afraid of being left alone.
2. Anxiety is activated in the evening - the child becomes more excited and frightened. These conditions can lead to: enuresis, bruxism, muscle spasms, nightmares and walking.

Now you know 7 myths about baby sleep and how to help your baby fall asleep.

Increasingly, parents are faced with the problem of restless children's sleep. As a rule, difficulties arise in laying down, waking up and crying at night. A sleepless night exhausts parents and negatively affects the child's nervous system.
A child’s sleep disturbance cannot occur without good reasons, so you need to figure out and find out why the child does not sleep well at night, what is the trigger for the child’s restless sleep.

Because of what your child does not sleep well at night, let's try to figure it out.

First you need to create comfortable conditions for sleep.
The child will not be able to sleep if the room is too hot. Therefore, it is necessary to ventilate the room daily, monitor the temperature and do not cover the baby with a blanket that is too warm. The temperature in the room should be 19-21 degrees, humidity 45% - 60%. To maintain an optimal microclimate, you can use air conditioners and humidifiers. Do a wet cleaning in the children's room more often, vacuum fur toys and carpets.

The child should have comfortable pajamas, soft sheets and a comfortable pillow, the blanket should not be too heavy and large.
The child must have his own bed. Having brought the baby from the hospital, you should accustom the child to immediately sleep in his crib. If you still took the child to your bed, then most likely it will be for a long time, the baby will get used to it and will not want to sleep alone, he will wake up and demand to take him to him. It is not necessary for the child to sleep with the breast like with a nipple, if the child wants to eat, wake up, feed and put to sleep again.

Some experts believe that if the child does not sleep well at night, cannot relax and fall asleep on his own, the joint sleep of the mother and child is possible and even a way out. Parents get enough sleep, the child finds his mother at his side and falls asleep further, the only drawback is that after two years the baby will still have to wean him from sleeping with his parents, as this can adversely affect the child's psyche.
For children, going to bed is a very important moment in their lives. Each family has its own ritual in which the child goes to bed with pleasure. In one family, this is bathing with toys and bath foam, in another - back massage, in the third - telling stories together, in the fourth - reading a book before bedtime.

Let's pay attention to the choice of fairy tales for reading before going to bed.
Dear grandparents, mothers and fathers, read and tell fairy tales to your children before going to bed! And in order to choose the right fairy tale for the night, we will give you a couple of tips.
Let's start with the fact that the tradition of telling a child bedtime stories goes back to ancient times, to "deep antiquity." The light of the moon barely penetrates the small mica window, creaking, the cradle with the falling asleep baby sways, the tired woman quietly mutters a magical legend that she once heard from her mother or grandmother. Fortunately, this beautiful custom has survived into the era of television and computers. Telling a baby a good story before going to bed, you calm his nervous system, tired of numerous daytime impressions; “programming” pleasant dreams. Between you and the child after a busy day there is a calm friendly contact, you give each other love, human warmth.

The fairy tales that you tell at night should contain informative and instructive information, they should not contain frightening, aggressive moments. It is believed that scary stories strengthen the psyche of the child, teach him to be brave, not to be afraid. Perhaps this is so, not in vain many folk tales abound with various horrors: cannibals, witches, dragons. But still, before going to bed, it is better not to tell scary stories to children, as they can be the reason that the child does not sleep well at night and he has nightmares. Note that each age has its own fears, for example, a 2-3-year-old baby is afraid of a wolf, a 5-year-old is afraid of Babu Yaga, a 6-year-old is afraid of vampires and ghosts.

For young children, the plot of a fairy tale should be simple. Heroes and characters should be well known to the child (bear, hare, fox, wolf, mouse, chicken, etc.), if you are telling the child for the first time about some hero or a new object, then it would be good to show his image and tell about him (for example: this is a bun, it is made of dough, it is round and it has no legs or arms; this is a turnip, they eat it, it is tasty and sweet, it is round and yellow). Older children are better off telling fairy tales with a complex plot, with many unusual characters. A fairy tale should contain magic, adventure or interesting life situations. It develops your child's imagination and fantasy. The story should interest the baby so that he demands the continuation of the fairy tale. The ending of the tale should be kind and instructive.
If you choose the right fairy tale, then perhaps your child's sleep will be sweet and light.

Schedule

The wrong daily routine can often cause significant disturbances and disruptions in the child's sleep pattern. If your baby goes to bed very early, or, on the contrary, very late, sleeps quite a lot during the day, and moves little, it goes without saying that he will sleep badly enough at night, you will need time and patience to deal with this problem.

So, you need to make a clear daily routine and try to stick to it as correctly as possible. Everything should be on time: eating, walking, playing, intellectual activities, waking up and going to bed. Daytime naps are desirable, but you can reduce or eliminate them altogether if your child is over three years old. The daily routine should be designed in such a way that most of the active games and activities take place in the first half of the day, in the afternoon it is better to let the child play toys on their own, you can do quiet activities (drawing, modeling, crafts, reading books). You can watch cartoons and play computer games 4-3.5 hours before bedtime, but not later, so that the child has time to calm down emotionally. Walk with your child outside as much as possible, because Fresh air promotes health and improves sleep of the child. The lack of walks can also explain why the child does not sleep at night.

If you still have a very small child and you breastfeed him not by the clock, but on demand, then you should try to do everything else on time (walking, bathing, playing, putting to bed and waking up), thereby you will contribute to the development of the baby his own feeding schedule, according to which you can adjust your schedule. That is, the baby is likely to want to eat after a walk, an active game.
Child nutrition.
The child should not go to bed with an empty and full stomach. Babies who are fed not by the clock, but on demand, no restrictions are offered. Although for the last feeding before bedtime, you can express milk into a bottle and the baby will be able to eat right away, and not combine the process of feeding with falling asleep. In children who are fed according to the regimen, the last feeding should be 1-1.5 before bedtime.
Older children usually like to ask for food before bed. This may be one of the ways to stay up, or maybe the child is really hungry. Therefore, if you have had such cases, then you yourself should offer the child a light snack 40 minutes before bedtime (a glass of kefir with diet bread or some fruit your child loves).

Some nutritionists believe that poor sleep in a child may be associated with eating salicylates, which are found in acetylsalicylic acid, food colors and flavor enhancers, tomatoes, raspberries, lemons and oranges. Therefore, you can try to eliminate these foods from your baby's diet.

Improving the health and well-being of the child

Many parents claim that after they enrolled their children in the pool, they began to sleep much better at night, and problems with laying down and waking up at night resolved themselves. Indeed, water calms the nervous system and treats vegetative-vascular diseases, and in addition, it allows the child to use up excess physical activity. Therefore, the pool can be your solution to the problem.
You can do it yourself at home salt baths. Salts with the addition of soothing herbs, such as chamomile, are well suited for this.

(grinding of teeth), startle, initiation disorder (poor sleep). If sleep disturbances are repeated regularly, you can’t let the process take its course and wait until it “outgrows”. Firstly, rest during a night's sleep should be complete in order to restore the body, the child's psyche by the beginning of a new day. Secondly, violations often signal diseases of the internal organs, nervous disorders.

Turning to a pediatrician or a somnologist for help, you need to analyze and systematize cases of violations in order to give the doctor detailed description Problems.

Most common causes sleep disorders in infants:

• Feelings of hunger;
• Temperature discomfort.

These are natural problems that go away with time. Parents, not getting enough sleep with their child, tend to exaggerate their importance under the influence of their own nervous tension. But, if insomnia is systematic, and there are no visible objective causes, this is an alarming syndrome.

Preschoolers have high emotional susceptibility. Difficulty getting used to kindergarten, quarrels of parents, watching programs for adults, an excessive amount of cartoons create informational and emotional overload. At this age, it is important to have a regime, the number of impressions (even positive ones) must be dosed.

Excitation, which children are unable to overcome on their own, prevents them from falling asleep, causes night terrors and nightmares.

Is it time to see a doctor?

It is worth paying special attention to starting in a dream. It is possible that intrauterine development occurred with disturbances, and hypoxia was diagnosed at birth. convulsive syndrome may be a manifestation. Timely diagnosis increases the likelihood of a positive prognosis.

When the baby breathes through his mouth in a dream, even in the absence respiratory diseases, breathing is irregular and interrupted, this is the reason for a visit to the otolaryngologist.

We can talk about hypertrophy (enlargement) of the adenoids or tonsils. Violation of the parameters of the upper respiratory systems and the mode of operation of the respiratory muscles provokes short-term respiratory arrest in children. Against this background, drowsiness in the baby, developmental and learning difficulties are manifested. In children under one year old who are on breastfeeding, eating problems. Expert advice is required.

The baby grinds his teeth in his sleep - this often indicates the formation of a malocclusion. You need to visit a dentist (orthodontist).

Uncontrolled urination at night (enuresis) may continue until the age of 6 years.

If there are signs of a child lagging behind peers in height and weight, there may be a lag in the development of the central nervous system and the formation of awakening reflexes. The cause of involuntary urination during a night's sleep in children is stressful situations, illnesses. Beyond Inflammation urinary tract there may be violations of the structure of the genitourinary system. The process is accompanied by painful sensations. In this case, it is necessary to start treatment.

• Note to parents:

Treatment

The decision on the methods of drug therapy is made by the doctor. He is responsible for diagnosing, prescribing medications. The preparation of plant origin Persen is recommended from the age of three. During the first year of life, soothing teas based on herbs (fennel, mint, valerian) are used. Tea "Sweet Dreams" from Humana can be consumed by two-week-old babies.

- one of the most widely used sedatives. It is used to stabilize the psycho-emotional state of preschoolers and young schoolchildren. It is often recommended to use in combination with Magne B6. Some doctors recommend a mixture of Citral, which includes bromine. It is forbidden to overestimate the period of use prescribed by the doctor. The state of nervous excitement of the child will be suppressed, but apathy may develop, the likelihood of side effects is high.

Homeopathy fans

Homeopathy is used in pediatrics, especially for the treatment of infants. Pain and nervousness when teeth appear are removed with homeopathic suppositories. Disturbed sleep for babies is helped by Knott's medicines, Domirkind. From the age of 5, Baiu-Bai drops are useful, which alleviate the child's syndrome. Additionally, they have an anti-inflammatory, analgesic effect. Teenagers who have a depressive syndrome come to the aid of Epam drops, which help restore nerve cells.

When Worms Worry

Preventive measures

With sleepwalking, talking in a dream, nightmares and fears, drug treatment is not necessary. The advice of doctors will mainly concern the correct way of life. Measures to normalize a child's nighttime sleep:

• Compliance with the regime;
• Sufficient amount of fresh air;
• Comfortable bed, pillow;
• Proper diet and sleep patterns;
• Positive emotional background.

The process of preparing the baby for falling asleep is important. It is advisable to discuss problems with peers, an exciting event or a new impression in a confidential conversation, without putting pressure on the child, explain what happened and reassure the baby.

• Be sure to read:

Before going to bed, avoid watching TV, physical and emotional stress. Baths with infusions of pine needles, mint, lemon balm, lavender are useful for children. Subdued lighting, reading books at night, discussing the past day and planning a new one contribute to a calm transition to sleep. Reasons why you should not exclude all noises and push home to create ideal conditions: The monotonous sounds of a washing machine from the bathroom or a silent TV from the next room are more soothing than absolute silence.

If the little one suffers from night terrors and awakening in a confused mind, screaming and crying for 10-30 minutes, not responding to attempts to calm him down, doctors advise waking him up a few minutes before such a moment.

This happens in the first phase of deep sleep (the first half of the night, an hour or two after falling asleep), at the moment of transition to the phase of REM sleep with dreams. The most common reasons: refusal of the correct mode and daytime sleep. Periods of emotional loading become too long for the child. You need breaks in active games and switching to calm activities.

Important: when the family is constantly quarreling, it will not help traditional medicine nor homeopathy. But only the normalization of the communication environment.